Silver nanoparticle Bacteriostatic activity Assessment against Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Uropathogenic Klebsiella pneumonia
Keywords:
Silver nanoparticle , Klebsiella pneumonia, ESBL, UTI.Abstract
The aims: Screen for the Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumonia from urinary tract infection UTI patients phenotypically and molecularly, also testing different sizes of silver nanoparticles as antibacterial for the resistance isolates.
Methodology: Vitek Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase test , molecular confirmed ESBL-producing isolates were checked by PCR for the presence of AmpC and blaCTX-M genes. Flat well microtiter plates were used for packing of antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles . This study included 85 urine samples were collected from patients that admitted to the "Rizgary Hospital" in Erbil province from 15 June to 15 December 2018. Antibiotic sensitivity test of all isolates to (Ampicillin, Ampicillin/sulbactam Cefazolin, Ceftazidime Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, Imipenem, Nafcillin and Nitrofurantoin )antibiotics were tested by the disc-agar method as standardized by the National Committee for Clinical laboratory Standards (2006).
Results: Out of 51 tested isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia, 11 (21.6%) were Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producers. Their antibiotic resistance profile showed the rate of resistance isolates was (100%) to Ampicillin, Cefazolin, Ceftazidime and Ceftriaxone and ( 90%) to Cefepime .In addition the susceptibility to Imipenem was (72.7%) of isolates. The bands of the AmpC and bla CTX-M genes was noted in (42.9%) samples and the remain samples (57.1 %)were negative for both genes. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration during incubation of Non ESBL producer - ESBL producer isolates in series concentrations of silver nanoparticles size (20 nm) was between (625 -2500) µg/ml and for size (90 nm), it was (1250) µg/ml for non ESBL producer and not affected ESBL producer isolates .The increased percentage rates of β-lactamase producing Klebsiella species were seen which was considered as an alarm, due to limitation in treatment options for UTI. It was appeared that Imipenem currently is the main available antibiotic for UTI treatment as a drug of choice. It was noticed that different sizes of silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity for ESBL producing isolates.
References
Wang,L. Chen Hu,and Longquan Shao (2017).The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles: present situation and prospects for the future. International Journal of Nanomedicine . Volume 12 :1227—1249.
Zhang L, Pornpattananangku D, Hu CM, Huang CM.
Development of nanoparticles for antimicrobial drug delivery. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 17(6):585-94.
Beyth,N. Yae Houri-Haddad, Avi Domb, Wahid Khan, and Ronen Hazan (2015). Alternative Antimicrobial Approach:Nano-Antimicrobial Materials Review Article Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Morones, J. R., Elechiguerra, J. L., Camacho, A., Holt, K., Kouri, J. B., Ramirez, J. T. and Yacaman, M. J. (2005). The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology.16, 2346.
Lara, H. H., Ayala-Nunez, N. V., Turrent, L. D. C. I. & Padilia, C. R. (2010). Bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant bacteria. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 26, 615-621.
Kim, S.-H., Lee, H.-S., Ryu, D.-S., Choi, S. J.and Lee, D.-S. (2011). Antibacterial activity of silver-nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Korean Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 39, 77-85.
Rai., Deshmukh, S., Ingle, A. and Gade, A. (2012). Silver nanoparticles: the powerful Nano weapon against multidrug‐resistant bacteria. Journal of applied microbiology. 112, 841-852.
Salomoni, R., Leo, P. and Rodrigues, M.( 2015). Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxicity effect in mammalian cells. The Battle Against Microbial Pathogens: Basic Science, Technological Advances and Educational Programs (A. Mendez-Vilas, Ed.) pp:851-857.
Peters, R. J., Bouwmeester, H., Gottardo, S., Amenta, V., Arena, M., Brandhoff, P., Marvin, H. J., Mech, A., Moniz, F. B. and Pesudo, L. Q. (2016). Nanomaterials for products and application in agriculture, feed and food. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 54, 155-164.
Winn, W. C., & Koneman, E. W. (2006). Koneman's color atlas and textbook of diagnostic microbiology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 6th edition.
. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.(2016). 26th edition.
Kumar D, Singh AK, Ali MR, Chander Y(2014). Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of extended spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from various clinical samples. Infected Disease. 7:1–8.
Caroff,N.; Espaze, E.; Berard, I.; Richet, H.; Reynaud, A.(1999).Mutations in the ampC promoter of Escherichia coli isolates resistant to oxyiminocephalosporins without extended spectrum β-lactamase production .FEMS Microbiology Letters ,137:459-465.
.Maynard,C.;Fairbrother,J.;Bekal,S.;Sanschagrin,F.;Levesque,R.;Brousseau,R.;Masson,L.;Lariviere,S.;Harel,J.(2 003).Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli O149:K91 Isolates Obtained over a 23-year period from Pigs. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.47 (10):3214-3221.
Ansari, M.A.; Haris, M.K.; Aijaz, A.K.; Asfia, S.; Ameer, A. (2009). Synthesis and characterization of the antibacterial potential of ZnO nanoparticles against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolated from a tertiary care hospital of North India. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology |10:3733–3736.
Amsterdam, D. (1996). Susceptibility testing of antimicrobials in liquid media. In: Loman, V., ed. Antibiotics in laboratory Medicine, 4th ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD.: 52-111.
Y. S. Yang, C. H. Ku, J. C. Lin .(2010) Impact of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae on the outcome of community-onset bacteremic urinary tract infections,” Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. Taiwan Society of Microbiology. 43( 3) , 194–199.
Siraj, S. M. ,S. Ali, and B. Wondafrash. (2015). “Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs)-production in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli at Jimma University Specialized Hospital. South-West Ethiopia,”BioPublisher. 5 (1) , 1–9.
Abayneh M., Getnet T., and Alemseged A.(2018). Isolation of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL-) Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Patients with Community-Onset Urinary Tract Infections in Jimma University Specialized Hospital.Southwest Ethiopia Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology Article ID 4846159,.8 .
El-kersh, T. A, M. A. Marie, Y. A. Al-sheikh, and S. A. Al-kahtani. (2015) “Prevalence and risk factors of community-acquired urinary tract infections due to ESBLs-producing Gram negative bacteria in an Armed Forces Hospital in Southern Saudi Arabia,” Global Advanced Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Science. 4( 7), 321–330.
Moyo, S. J. ,S. Aboud, M. Kasubi, E. F. Lyamuya, and S. Y. Maselle, (2010).“Antimicrobial resistance among producers and non-producers of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in urinary isolates at a tertiary Hospital in Tanzania,” BMC Research Notes. 3(1) , 348.
Kang, S. H. K. , Ji-W. H.-B. K. Bang, E.-C. K. Nam-Joong Kim (2006). “Community-acquired versus nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia : clinical features, treatment outcomes, and clinical implication of antimicrobial resistance,” Journal of Korean Medical Science. 12(5) , 816–822.
Kader, A. A. , A. Kumar, and K. A. Kamath .(2007). “Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients and asymptomatic healthy individuals,” Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 28( 9) , 1114–1116.
Neelam Taneja, Pooja Rao, Jitender Arora & Ashok Dogra (2008). Occurrence of ESBL & AmpC β-lactamases & susceptibility to newer antimicrobial agents in complicated UTI. Indian J. Med. Res. 127, pp 85-88.
ALshamarti, M.J and Abaas Sh. Jwad AL-Muhnna (2011) Molecular Detection of AmpC Gene Encoding Antibiotic Resistance among Klebsiella spp. Isolated from Different Infections. Journal of Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology..3 (1),1-9.
Majdalawieh,, A., Kanan, M. C., EL-kadre, O. and Kanan, S. M. (2014). Recent advances in gold and silver nanoparticles: synthesis and applications. Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology. 14, 4757-4780.
Peters, R. J., Bouwmeester, H., Gottardo, S., Amenta, V., Arena, M., Brandhoff, P., MARVIN, H. J., Mech, A., MonizZ, F. B.and Pesudo, L. Q. (2016). Nanomaterials for products and application in agriculture, feed and food. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 54, 155-164.
Singh, P. K., Jairath, G. and Ahiawat , S. S. (2016). Nanotechnology: a future tool to improve quality and safety in meat industry. Journal of food science and technology. 53, 1739-1749.
Jung ,W. K. Hye Ch. K. Ki Woo K. Sook Sh. So Hyun K. and Yong Ho P. (2008).Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Silver Ion in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Applied and Enviromental Microbiolgy. Vol. 74, No. 7 , p. 2171–2178.
