The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Group Counseling Program on Self-Efficacy among 7th-Grade Students
Keywords:
self-efficacy, group counseling, Cognitive behavior therapyAbstract
Self-efficacy is the students' belief about their ability to perform school tasks successfully, and Counseling is the crucial way to help students to understand their potential and help them to solve their problems at school and in their daily life. This research examined the level of self-efficacy among 7th grade students after participating in group counseling program, self-efficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy Self-Report Scale that was designed by (Erford, Schein and Duncan, 2011). The researcher found the validity and reliability for the scale, ultimately the scale consisted of (15) items. This research was designed as (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up) quasi-experimental design with (11) students from Srwa school for girls in the academic year (2018-2019). The students participated in 35 minutes sessions twice a week including (Homework assignments, Coping skills, Modeling, Role-play, Feedback, Problem-solving, Coping cards and Adaptive attribution beliefs). After the counseling sessions the collected data were analyzed with (IBM SPSS statistics version 23) by using paired sample t-test, the results revealed that there were significant differences between mean scores of pretest and posttest. It showed that the level of self-efficacy increased after conducting the counseling program. The research marks a closure with a discussion and the limitations of the research, suggestions for further researches and practical implications of the research.
References
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Linnenbrink, E. A. and Pintrich, P. R. (2001). Motivation as an enabler for academic success. School Psychology Review,31(3), pp. 313-327 doi: 10.1177/017084068800900203.
Margolis, H. and Mccabe, P. P. (2006). Improving self-efficacy and motivation: What to do, what to say. Intervention in School and Clinic, 41(4), pp. 218–227. doi: 10.1177/10534512060410040401.
Mehrabi, T. et al., (2016). Assessment the effect of the CBT on motivation of the nursing students. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(2), p. 118. doi: 10.4103/1735-9066.178225.
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Rector, N. A. (2010). Cognitive behavioral therapy An information guide. Center Of Addiction And Mental Health, Canda . doi: 10.1080/00358536508452570.
Rosenthal, R. and Rosnow R.L. (2008). Essentials of Behavioral Research: Methods and Data Analysis, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Schunk, D. H. (1989). Self-efficacy and cognitive achievement: implications for students with learning problems. Journal of learning disabilities, 22, pp. 14-22 doi: 10.1177/002221948902200103.
Schunk, D. H. (2003). Self-efficacy for reading and writing: Influence of modeling, goal setting, and self-evaluation. Reading and Writing Quarterly, 19(2), pp.159-172 doi: 10.1080/10573560308219.
Sohrabi, R., Mohammadi, A. and Aghdam, G. A. (2013). ‘Effectiveness of Group Counseling with Problem Solving Approach on Educational Self-efficacy Improving. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier B.V., 84, pp. 1782–1784. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.07.033.
Squires, G. (2001).Using Cognitive Behavioural Psychology With Groups of Pupils To Improve Self-Control of Behaviour. Educational Psychology in Practice, 17(4), pp. 317–335. doi: 10.1080/02667360120096679.
Stallard, P. (2002). Think Good, Feel Good, Think Good, Feel Good. England:John Wiley.doi: 10.1002/9781119395348.
Toland, J. And Boyle, C. (2008). Applying Cognitive Behavioural Methods to Retrain Children’s Attributions for Success and Failure in Learning. School Psychology International, 29(3), pp.286-302.doi:10.1177/0143034308093674
Webb-Williams, J. (2006). Self-efficacy in the primary classroom: An investigation into the relationship with performance. British Educational Research Association New Researchers/Student Conference.available at: http://www.leeds.ac.uk/educol/documents/166271.htm
Wilkerson, K., Perusse, R., And Hughes, A. (2009).comperhensive school counseling programs and students achievement outcome, American School Counselor Asso- ciation (ASCA) developed’, pp. 172–185.
Zimmerman, B. J. (2010). Self-efficacy and educational development’, in Self-efficacy in Changing Societies. new york: Cambrige university press, pp.202-231 doi: 10.1017/cbo9780511527692.009.
Zyromski, B. and Joseph, A. E. (2008). Utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Interventions to Positively Impact Academic Achievement in Middle School Students. Journal of School Counseling, 6(15).
Ahmad, A., and Safaria,T. (2013). Effects of Self-Efficacy on Students’ Academic Performance. Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology, 2(1), pp. 22-29. doi: 10.12928jehcp.v2i1.3740.
American Counseling Association (2006) .Effectiveness of school counseling .(2), pp. 2006–2008.
Artino, A. R. (2012). Academic self-efficacy: from educational theory to instructional practice. Perspectives on Medical Education. 1(2), pp.76-85 doi: 10.1007/s40037-012-0012-5.
Azar, F. S. (2013).Self-Efficacy, Achievement Motivation and Academic Procrastination as Predictors of Academic Achievement in Pre-College Students. proceeding of global summit on education, pp.173-178. doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2011.07.005.
Bandura, A. (1989). Human Agency in Social Cognitive Theory. American Psychologist. 44(9), pp.1175-1184. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.44.9.1175.
Bandura, A. (1993). Perceived Self-Efficacy in Cognitive Development and Functioning. Educational Psychologist. 28(2), pp.117-148. doi: 10.1207/s15326985ep2802_3.
Bandura, A. (1977). Towards a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychologicalist Review, 84(2), pp.191-215, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191.
Bandura, A. (1994). Bandura Self-efficacy defined. Encyclopedia of Human Behavior. Available at: https://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Bandura/BanEncy.html
Bardhoshi, G., Duncan, K. and Erford, B. T. (2017).Effect of a Specialized Classroom Counseling Intervention on Increasing Self-Efficacy among First-Grade Rural Students. Professional School Counseling, 21(1), pp.1098-2409. doi: 10.5330/1096-2409-21.1.12.
Benawa, A. (2018). The important to growing self-efficacy to improve achievement motivation. in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/126/1/012086.
Chodkiewicz, A., and Boyle, C. (2015). Believing you can is the first step to achieving.[e-book] Jessica Kingsley.available at: <https://ore.exeter.ac.uk/repository/handle/10871/24517#b1hsWg5yP1WOBczH.99>[Accessed 10 November 2018]
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, 2nd Ed. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Crespi, T. D. (2009). Group counseling in the schools: Legal, ethical, and treatment issues in school practice. Psychology in the Schools, 46(3), pp. 273-280. doi: 10.1002/pits.20373.
Erford, B. T., Schein, H. and Duncan, K. (2011).Technical analysis of scores on the self-efficacy self-report scale’, Assessment for Effective Intervention, 37(1), pp.58-64 doi: 10.1177/1534508411406898.
Fritson, K. K. (2009). Impact of journaling on students’ self-efficacy and locus of control. InSight: A Journal of Scholarly Teaching, V.3,pp.75-83. doi: 10.1037/e741342011-010.
Galton, M. J., Gray, J. and Rudduck, J. ( 2003).Transfer and transitions in the middle years of schooling (7-14) : continuities and discontinuities in learning. Available at: http://www.dfes.gov.uk/research/data/uploadfiles/RR443.pdf.
Gillham, J. and Seligman, M. E. P. (1994). Invited Essay Prevention of Depressive Symptoms. behavior research and therapy., 32(8), pp. 801–816. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)90160-0
Hong, Z. R. et al. (2012). The effects of functional group counseling on inspiring low-achieving students’ self-worth and self-efficacy in Taiwan. International Journal of Psychology, 47(3), pp.91-179. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2011.590494.
Howitt, D. and Cramer, D. (2011). Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology. 3th ed.[e-book].
England:Pearson Education. available at:<www.boolfi.com>[Accessed 4 November 2018]
Hyun, M. S., Chung, H. I. C. and Lee, Y. J. (2005). The Effect Of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy On The Self-Esteem, Depression, And Self-Efficacy Of Runaway Adolescents In A Shelter In South Korea. Applied Nursing Research, 18(3), pp. 160–166. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2004.07.006.
Ilkhchi, S. V., Poursharifi, H. and Alilo, M. M. (2011). The effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on self-efficacy and assertiveness among anxious female students of high schools. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, pp. 2586–2591. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.506.
Lapan, R. T., Gysbers, N. C. and Sun, Y. (1997) .The impact of more fully implemented guidance programs on the school experiences of high school students:A statewide evaluation study. Journal of Counseling and Development. doi: 10.1002/j.1556-6676.1997.tb02344.x.
Linnenbrink, E. A. and Pintrich, P. R. (2001). Motivation as an enabler for academic success. School Psychology Review,31(3), pp. 313-327 doi: 10.1177/017084068800900203.
Margolis, H. and Mccabe, P. P. (2006). Improving self-efficacy and motivation: What to do, what to say. Intervention in School and Clinic, 41(4), pp. 218–227. doi: 10.1177/10534512060410040401.
Mehrabi, T. et al., (2016). Assessment the effect of the CBT on motivation of the nursing students. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(2), p. 118. doi: 10.4103/1735-9066.178225.
Pallant, J. (2016). SPSS Survival Manual. 6th ed. England:Mcgraw hill education doi: S0003497598001581.
Rector, N. A. (2010). Cognitive behavioral therapy An information guide. Center Of Addiction And Mental Health, Canda . doi: 10.1080/00358536508452570.
Rosenthal, R. and Rosnow R.L. (2008). Essentials of Behavioral Research: Methods and Data Analysis, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Schunk, D. H. (1989). Self-efficacy and cognitive achievement: implications for students with learning problems. Journal of learning disabilities, 22, pp. 14-22 doi: 10.1177/002221948902200103.
Schunk, D. H. (2003). Self-efficacy for reading and writing: Influence of modeling, goal setting, and self-evaluation. Reading and Writing Quarterly, 19(2), pp.159-172 doi: 10.1080/10573560308219.
Sohrabi, R., Mohammadi, A. and Aghdam, G. A. (2013). ‘Effectiveness of Group Counseling with Problem Solving Approach on Educational Self-efficacy Improving. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier B.V., 84, pp. 1782–1784. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.07.033.
Squires, G. (2001).Using Cognitive Behavioural Psychology With Groups of Pupils To Improve Self-Control of Behaviour. Educational Psychology in Practice, 17(4), pp. 317–335. doi: 10.1080/02667360120096679.
Stallard, P. (2002). Think Good, Feel Good, Think Good, Feel Good. England:John Wiley.doi: 10.1002/9781119395348.
Toland, J. And Boyle, C. (2008). Applying Cognitive Behavioural Methods to Retrain Children’s Attributions for Success and Failure in Learning. School Psychology International, 29(3), pp.286-302.doi:10.1177/0143034308093674
Webb-Williams, J. (2006). Self-efficacy in the primary classroom: An investigation into the relationship with performance. British Educational Research Association New Researchers/Student Conference.available at: http://www.leeds.ac.uk/educol/documents/166271.htm
Wilkerson, K., Perusse, R., And Hughes, A. (2009).comperhensive school counseling programs and students achievement outcome, American School Counselor Asso- ciation (ASCA) developed’, pp. 172–185.
Zimmerman, B. J. (2010). Self-efficacy and educational development’, in Self-efficacy in Changing Societies. new york: Cambrige university press, pp.202-231 doi: 10.1017/cbo9780511527692.009.
Zyromski, B. and Joseph, A. E. (2008). Utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Interventions to Positively Impact Academic Achievement in Middle School Students. Journal of School Counseling, 6(15).
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Published
2020-02-23
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Muhammdamin, B. B., & Abdul Rahman, J. A. (2020). The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Group Counseling Program on Self-Efficacy among 7th-Grade Students. Journal of University of Raparin, 7(2), 42–60. Retrieved from https://journal.uor.edu.krd/index.php/JUR/article/view/paper3
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