Cognitive
2 articles filed under this keyword.
The Strength of Semantic Meaning Related to Image Schema Theory
Trifa Omar Ahmed, Rostam Mohammed Ahmed
The impact of semantic meaning, in the act of communication and understanding, plays the most important role in the power of influence for the recipient and the transmission of the speaker/reader's message. This study titled "The Strength of Semantic Meaning Related to Image Schema Theory," examines the power of words in delivering the speaker/writer's ideas and thoughts to the recipient and influence the other. In this study, the semantic power of a word was analyzed according to the theory of the image scheme, which is generally based on the concept of non-literal words and through which the strong meaning of the word is determined in terms of semantic meaning. The study focuses, in its two sections, on showing the theory of the image scheme and the power of the word’s meaning on the speaker's experience convention, so that the human being, depending on the accumulation of his/her experiences and draws a pattern of the image of his perception of the world in his/her mind, which becomes the basis for how words are conventionalized. The outline of the image in the Kurdish language in the terminology of the language has been reflected in both everyday speech and various texts such as poetry, philosophy, politics and economics. Consequently, this makes the power of concepts produced by emotional experience, perception of experiences and the movement of the speaker to be more than lexical words with the literal meaning.
Volume 9 · Issue 3 · June 2022Cognitive Distortions and Its Relation to some Variables of University Students
Zhala Abubakr Hasan Hasan, Muhamad Muhyadin Sadiq
The aim of the current research is to build a scale of cognitive distortions among university students, to identify the level of cognitive distortions among university students, and to know the significance of statistical differences in cognitive distortions according to gender, specialization and stage of study. The current research is limited to students of Salah al-Din University in Erbil governorate in its various faculties and who are continuing in morning studies according to the variables (gender, specialization, academic stage) for the academic year (2020-2021). The current research relied on the following procedures to obtain the scale: 1-A scale of cognitive distortions was developed and built according to the Beak model, consisting of (7) dimensions: (dual thinking, overgeneralization, personalism, compulsions and imperatives, false interpretation, and unfair comparison). 2-Presenting the items (cognitive distortions) to a group of experts in education and psychology to extract the apparent validity of the cognitive distortions scale as well as extracting the construction echo for them. 3-The research sample included (500) male and female students who were chosen randomly. 4- Analysis of the scale items using the upper and lower group method. 5- Extracting the stability of the scale by the re-test method, as it reached on the scale (0.83) and in the half-segmentation method for the cognitive distortions scale it reached (0.93) and by the Cronbach’s Alpha method for the scale reached (0.94) After applying the cognitive distortions scale to the sample members and analyzing their data statistically by using (SPSS), the following results were reached: 1- The sample members had a level of defined distortions. 2- There are no statistically significant differences in cognitive distortions among the university students according to the two variables (gender and specialization), and there are statistically significant differences according to the academic stage variable. In light of the research results, a number of conclusions were reached and a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented.