COVID-19
5 articles filed under this keyword.
Effect of United States Monetary Policy and Macroeconomics on the Dow Jones Industrial Average Pre, during and Post Covid-19 Period
Kamaran Qader Yaqub
The impact of the US monetary policy and the US macroeconomic variables, on the stock market specifically in relation to the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), is a subject of ongoing debate. This paper seeks to investigate and examine the consequences of changes in monetary policy and some macroeconomic variables in the United States on the US stock market (only DJIA was selected) for the period of January 2017 to June 2023. By analyzing these relationships across different time frames, this research seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of how various US monetary and US macroeconomic factors have influenced the stock market's behavior, corporate performance, and overall market trends, thus contributing to a deeper understanding of the interactions between central bank actions and financial markets and performance in the context of a significant global crisis. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was used to study the short-run dynamics as well as the long-run relationship between the DJIA index and the five selected macroeconomic variables from the US economy. It is found that the coefficient of error correction term is (-0.225), indicating an annual adjustment of approximately 22.5 per cent towards the long-term equilibrium. This guarantees the existence of a stable long-run relationship between the variables. However, in the short-run, all selected explanatory variables do have a relationship with the DJIA index except real gross domestic product (RGDP) which is statistically insignificant which means RGDP does not have a short-run relationship with DJIA index.
Volume 11 · Issue 1 · February 2024Financial Reporting Quality’s Moderating Effects on The Relationship Between External Auditing Practices and Firm Performance During a Decline in Covid-19
Omran M. Rashid Abdulqadir, Bayar Ali Ismael
This research article explores the moderating role of financial reporting quality in the relationship between external auditing practices and firm performance during a decline in the COVID-19 pandemic. Using 212 questionnaire responses from small to medium manufacturing companies situated in industrious locations in Erbil, Erbil Industrial Zone, Erbil Free Zone, Sheikh Choly Industrial Area, and Qushtapa Industrial Area of Kurdistan, a structural equation model was estimated. The study findings are threefold and have advanced empirical ideas by highlighting that (1) the adoption of external practices has a significant effect on financial reporting quality and an insignificant positive effect on firm performance, (2) the adoption of financial reporting quality has a significant positive effect on firm performance and (3) financial reporting quality has a moderating effect on the relationship between external auditing practices and firm performance during a decline in Covid-19. The findings contribute to the advancement of the Principal-Agent Theory by providing empirical evidence on how external auditing practices influence financial reporting quality, aligning with the expectations of agency theory. It enriches the theoretical understanding of how monitoring mechanisms impact the agent’s behavior in the principal-agent relationship. To enhance firm performance, the findings suggest that it is important for firms to recognize the link between financial reporting quality and firm performance and allocate resources and efforts to improve reporting practices accordingly.
Volume 9 · Issue 5 · December 2022Kurdish EFL Students’ Perceptions about the use of E-learning During the Covid-19 Lockdown
Hadi Hussein Haji, Hawraz Qader Hama
The outbreak of the coronavirus (Covid-19) in December 2019 caused the total closure of educational institutions and led to stop of the face-to-face teaching for a long time. Therefore, e-learning was applied as an alternative teaching method to continue education. However, little is known about students’ perceptions on the use and acceptance of e-learning implemented during the Covid-19 lockdown, especially in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Hence, this study aims to explore the university students’ perceptions about the use of e-learning during the lockdown in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. In so doing, a mixed-method approach is utilised to collect both quantitative and qualitative data from 50 Kurdish EFL students. The results of data analysis revealed that more students show positive perceptions than those who hold neutral and negative perceptions about the use of e-learning during the lockdown.
Volume 9 · Issue 2 · March 2022The Role of Human Resource Practices in Managing COIVD-19 Crisis in the Kurdish Media Organizations
Abdulsamad Qadir Hussien, Talar Jalal Karim
This paper examines the role of human resource practices in managing crises specifically during COVID-19 pandemic in Kurdish media organisations. This article explains the barriers faced HR practiser’s during the pandemic in manging their employees and focusing on achieving organizational goals. In addition, it attempts to articulate how the pandemic has created a complex and challenging environment for human resource management (HRM) practitioners, who need to find ingenious solutions to ensure the continuity of their corporates and to help their employees to cope with this extraordinary crisis. The research, mainly focused on the quantitative research method (survey research). A survey technique through an online questionnaire using 'Google Forms' (N= 50) has been adopted with responses from two Kurdish media Organizations namely (Galy Kurdistan TV and Kurdsat TV) in Sulaimanya City. Through applying statistical method (SPSS 21) data has been analaysed. Results indicate that adaptability and creativity in practicing HR functions such as (downsize their workforce, remote working, effective training programmes and flexible working hours) can help Kurdish media organizations manage organizational crises which appeared due to COVID-19 pandemic and also assist their sustainability, competitive advantage and performance.
Volume 7 · Issue 2 · April 2020The Impact of COVID- 19 on Social media user behavior and their usage level: The Kurdish Journalist as a Case.
Nazakat Hussein Hama saeed, Hakim Othman Hameed
This study relies on an online questionnaire survey paper, The aim of the study is to Carry out that during coronavirus and lockdown which causes people to stay at home and prevent them to get outside. “Who lost their jobs temporarily because of covid-19?” how impacted on social media user behave and their level of using .Dose being online for most of the aspect of life made journalists to use social media more than ever before. This paper focused on Journalists, because they are more intelligent to use social media and much more need to use social media regarding their jobs. For this purpose, this paper use survey method to collect data sample size which is 101 journalists 101 form being returned and responded by the Journalists from all of Kurdistan Region governess, and all type of media organization such as printer ,digital and broadcast media .So that gain the answer, do the Journalist behave and their level of using social media being changed when compared coronaviruses time and before coming this crisis .