Doubt
4 articles filed under this keyword.
The Theme of Jabar Jamal Xerib’s Novel (Bnuse Khween)
Sangar Qader Shekh Mohamad Haji
The theme is the most explicit component of a text, usually a poet or novelist writes a literary piece because of his/her point of view on a subject, which we call theme, and this shows the value of theme in literary genres. In the text, the theme has a strong relationship and is directly related to the character. Also, the theme can be expressed through both dialogue and monologue techniques. these don’t mean that a novelist doesn't use other techniques to manifest the novel's theme. The novel's theme could be expressed throughout a sentence, paragraphs, scenes, or events. If it is shown in a sentence, the novelist makes all elements and techniques of the text to serve the idea of the theme. Sometimes the text's theme is present in most parts of the text, the novelist expresses it in different ways and styles. This research is entitled “The Theme of the Novel Bnuse Khween” Jebar Jemal Xerib’s novel. The method of this research is the Thematic Method. The novel contains many motifs like love, hate, tolerance, revenge...etc. In this research we clarified that doubt is the theme of the novel, it is present in the whole text and connected with many elements and techniques, despite that, most major and minor characters do not trust each other.
Volume 11 · Issue 5 · October 2024Doubt Method Between (Al-Ghazali and Descartes)
Kaify Abubakr Hamad, Jutyar Ismael Jamal, Aram Qadir Sabir
This research, The Method of Doubt between (Al-Ghazali and Descartes), interprets and explains the similarities and differences of the two philosophers on the issue of knowledge from doubt to certainty. In order to understand the truth and different dimensions of this issue, which belongs to two different worldviews and eras in the medieval Islamic and modern European world, the theses and arguments of both philosophers on doubt as the beginning and path to knowledge and certainty are discussed. This is done by highlighting their main views on their chain of reasoning, how arguments begin with the precedence of doubt until they reach the truth. Although most of their arguments are similar, but they differ in the way they get rid of doubt and reach certainty. This radical difference is that Descartes reaches certainty and truth through doubt, within rational thinking, and his Cogito (I think, Therefore I am), but Al-Ghazali in his Sufi Philosophical journey (Mysticism), he waits for the truth to be revealed to him by God (Allah) and put into his heart as a bright and illuminating light, which is a kind of enlightenment of the heart. However, despite the methodological differences between both of them in the Rational and the heart knowledge, doubt and the method of doubt for both are steps towards achieving certain knowledge beyond all doubt, to access emphatic knowledge, but each gives different status to consciousness and emotion, as well as to mind and heart. As a result, we find that the experiences of both philosophers in sustaining preconceptions and methods of arriving at truth are important and unique, even though they belong to two different philosophical and religious worldviews.
Volume 11 · Issue 4 · August 2024The Philosophy of Education and Knowledge in the view of Ghazali
Darstan Abdulrahman Hussin, Bayar Othman Qadr, Zryan Hamza Azziz
The abstract of this paper includes sources and methods of access to knowledge and methodic doubt in Ghazali viewpoint and describing the concept of education in the philosophy of Ghazali. The sources of obtaining knowledge in al-Ghazali’s view are not only the senses and the intellect, but also the revelation of the prophets. This means that the prophets own a special knowledge that is not normal to all the people, and the ordinary people must follow. The senses communicate the knowledge of mind, but reaching the truth is not achieved through feelings and minds alone. Emotions and thoughts are doubtful and often deceive us. We do not reach the knowledge of certainty, especially in metaphysical matters. The things that fall on the other side of the world are feelings, so Ghazali uses doubt to reach the knowledge of certainty, and this can be found through guessing. Ghazali thought that human could achieve the truth through the incident. The term ‘Education’ is used in every language which all focus on the preparation and training. Islam has given great importance to education and the Holy Qur'an itself. Imam Ghazali has played a major role in Islamic education. He has many writings, such as ‘Ihya Uloom al-Din’, which is a valuable encyclopedia of renewing the Islamic sciences and Islamic education. Ghazali tried to turn Islamic education towards Sufism. And the goal of Islamic education is to prepare a single believer committed to achieving happiness.
Volume 10 · Issue 1 · March 2023Doubt in the Hadith of Jabir, May God Be Pleased with him, about the Lengthening of Recitation Prayer in Sahih Al-Bukhari
Abdulmuttaleb Zewar Mohammed, Sardar hamadameen ibrahim
The Sunnah is the second source of Islamic legislation, and Sahih al-Bukhari is the most correct book after the Holy Qur’an, and the correct mosque still needs to be taken care of and served more. The Sahih Mosque contains words about which the narrators doubted, and they –that is, those words - need a hadith study to arrive at the conclusion that the doubts contained in some of the words are not defamatory in the hadiths of Sahih al-Bukhari. This research studied the doubt contained in the hadith of Jaber, may God be pleased with him, about the lengthening of the reading in prayer in Sahih al-Bukhari. The bug. In the second topic: he first cited the text of the hadith, a chain of narrators and a text, and he produced it in a detailed explication, and clarified the strange words in the hadith. Then he collected the hadith methods from the sources of the Prophetic Sunnah, then identified the word from which doubt occurred to the narrator, then compared the narrations to determine the course of the hadith, to find out who narrated the hadith with certainty and who narrated it with doubt. Then search and search for those who had doubts, and translate it in detail, then talk about the implications of the narration from the jurisprudential point of view. The researcher concluded through the research that the doubt contained in this hadith does not undermine the authenticity of the hadith, and the narrator’s doubt leads to an increase in caution and precaution in the transmission of the noble Prophet’s hadith as it is without addition or subtraction, or alteration, change, or distortion.