Kalar City
2 articles filed under this keyword.
Directions of Urban Development in the City of Kalar (1977-2024)
Sardasht Mohammed Hussein, Talat Mohammed Tahir Umar-Albotani, Bestun Ahmed Hussein
Nowadays, urban population growth is considered one of the most significant and touchy issues of city geography, because population growth directly affects planning and development of the cities. Moreover, it shows an important area of the pillars of development. Therefore, in most cities in the Kurdistan region, the changes and population growth are taken into consideration. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate economic, social, and prosperity scientifically. We can claim that the large amount of population has caused most of the issues that affect cities nowadays. A number of factors have influenced this dilemma, such as natural increase of population and migration, especially the migration of people from rural areas to the cities. The lack of an advanced plan to prevent migration and regulate the rapid growth that occurs in cities is to be mentioning. At the same time, this growth led to some conclusions; the rapid expansion of the cities can be considered the key factor. This expansion mostly is at the expense of agricultural and suburban lands. This paper deals with the directions of urban development between the years 1970 - 2024 in Kalar. For this purpose, the research depended on the results of data and information obtained from official censuses. The research consists of two main parts and several discussions, in which the growth, the demographic changes, and the growth of population growth of Kalar, depending on the official census, are discussed. The rapid increase in population growth and the relations of these changes with the historical events of the region are illustrated.
Volume 6 · Issue 1 · June 2019Echinococcosis in Kurdistan Iraq: Prevalence of Cystic Hydatidosis in Man with a Survey of E.granulosus eggs in Stray Dogs in Kalar City, Sulaymania Province, Kurdistan- Iraq.
Arkan barzanji, Louis Saida
The current study included two levels: - cystic echinococcosis in man and a survey of eggs of the parasites E. granulosus in feces of stray dogs in Kalar city sulaymania province. The statically analysis of private and governmental hospitals documents showed 56 cases of cystic echinococcosis have been treated surgically during five years’ period (2013-2017). The patients who included in this study were examined by physicians and confirmed by one or more of the following methods, imaging diagnosis (CT scan, Ultrasound, and X ray), histopathology and serology. Among total of 3330 patients admitted to the surgery department of these hospitals, 56 (1, 6%) were found to be infected with cystic hydatidosis at approximately 5.6 cases per 100,000 persons and at average 11.2 cases per one year. Among total patients’ involvements, house wives 22 (39.28%) were high infected and then followed by the workers and students 12(21.4%) and 11(19.64%) respectively. According to the organs patients involvement liver was highly infected 31(55.3%) and then followed by lungs 9(16.07). The age group (41-50) yrs. was 13(23.21%) highly infected than other ages, and the females (53.57%) were high infected than males (46.4%) among total patients infected. The economic loses of 56 cases treated surgically was approximately 112000$ USA$. This study is the first time talking about economic losses in this city of Iraq. The result of 60 sample feces examination of stray dogs showed that 36.6% of which were contaminated with eggs of E. granulosus. The high percentage of infection with this parasite (60%), was found at the Slaughtered animal's area, south of city center and the lowest (10%) was at Awarakan, Jutyaran & sharawan2 area, north of city center.