Language Planning
2 articles filed under this keyword.
Grammatical Loan Translation in the Newswriting Language of Kurdish Websites
Sherwan Husen Hamad, Dadyar Azad Mahroof
This paper investigated a critical feature of language contact phenomenon which is “grammatical loan translation”. In grammatical loan translation, the receptor language transfers a linguistic component whether it is morphology or syntax from the source language as simultaneously as the word order typology and grammatical features of that language. In other words, grammatical loan translation is interfererance of the grammatical rules and features of the source language to the receptor language, thus resulting in an unnatural change in the grammar of that language. Scholars in the field of language contact consider that grammatical loan translation is the resultant of the bilingual phenomenon. Additinaly, they believe that grammatical pattern translation rarely occurs without the existence of bilingual phenomenon in society. However, it is obvious that there is no bilingual phenomenon in Kurdistan Region as the Kurdish is the main language of education, media and governance, but many foreign (non-Kurdish) grammatical patterns came into the Kurdish language, especially into the language of news writing. This phenomenon reflected in all the categories of the language, and sentences. Grammatical loan translation has critical effect on language as it has been called language poison by researchers as well as language passive and language death by some others. Therefore, if language planning is not taken into consideration for this linguistic phenomenon, it can change the grammatical feature and gender of a language since the basic system of a language is preserved via grammar.
Volume 8 · Issue 2 · June 2021An Economic Perspective on Language Management in Iraqi Kurdistan
Muhammad Qader Saeed
This paper is about ‘An Economic Perspective on Language Management in Iraqi Kurdistan’. In many languages the relationship between the economy and the language is seriously taken into consideration. Unfortunately, Kurdish language is in a critical situation in this respect. This paper tries to show the linguistic situation of Kurdish language from the economic perspective through studying the related concepts such as language economics, language investment, language industry and its relation to language planning and language policy. Aiming at drawing some of the possible aspects through which there could be a space for investment in the Kurdish language, this study also searches for coming across some current cases of linguistic investment in different parts of the world such as Britain, France and Canada. Meanwhile, it focuses on most outstanding obstacles that stand against the process of investment in Kurdish which includes the lack of awareness, the non-stimulating regulatory besides investment environment, and the unstable economic and linguistic situations in the region. The study comes to conclude that many countries had invested in language considerably to improve this aspect to pave the way for acquiring huge, direct and indirect economic revenues. As much as investors care about English, they need to care about Kurdish. Hereby, there is a crucial need to support experimental studies to reveal the potentials of investing in Kurdish to indicate the existing deficiencies regarding the effective language investment situations.