Volume 12 · Issue 4 · August 2025
The Process of Affixation in Kurdish Language in Phonological, Morphological and Lexical Theory
Hawkar Omer Khidhir, Dler Sadiq Kanaby
Kurdish is one of the agglutinative languages in which affixes play a great role in the morphological processes. In language, affixes can make phonological variations to bases, or they can change the structure of a word that has not been formed according to a rule-based process. These issues belong to some of the former theories in words analysis. However, this theory can analyze these variations according to schemas. Affixes, with phonological impact on bases, are categorized into two groups (partial affix) and (neutral affix). Due to their shared characteristics, they are found in a specific structural position and placed into a lexical level. The order of the processes of inflectional affixes is set according to the sequences of lexical levels. In Kurdish, (derivational suffixes) are categorized as partial affixes; that is, they are effective and change the position of main power of words that occur in the first lexical level; (derivational prefixes), however, are not effective and cannot change the bases, and they occur in the second lexical level. Thus, in Kurdish, the position of power can occur at the end of the lexical words.
