Nation
2 articles filed under this keyword.
National and Intellectual Thoughts in the Programs and Publications of the Kurdish Societies of Union and Progress and Hevi
Dara Tawfeeq Kaka Amin, Shwan Ahmed Mohammed
Evaluating the national and intellectual contexts without delving into the specific political events and military movements holds significant value, particularly in periods that paved the way for understanding national identity and strengthening intellectual connections. This was foundational for the establishment of Kurdish societies and organizations in the early 20th century. The transformations of that era provided a basis for promoting intellectual and political activities within Ottoman communities. This study focuses on the Kurdish Society of Union and Progress and Hevi (Komeley Te’awun û Terreqî and Hevî) from both national and intellectual perspectives. They emphasized language, writing, education, and the education of the Kurdish people, as well as the establishment of libraries, schools, and the publication of newspapers and magazines. Their efforts were pioneering at the time. Meanwhile, their focus on history, national identity, and differentiation from non-Kurdish organizations positioned them as unique entities. They strived for national awakening and expressed nationalist ideas through contemporary approaches, both in their programs and publications. However, various factors prevented them from fully achieving their main objectives, necessitating further scholarly inquiry. Undoubtedly, this topic requires extensive research to trace the early foundations of Kurdish nationalism and its intellectual evolution. And Understanding the roles played by these associations and organizations, their achievements, what roles did these organizations play? Where did their efforts succeed? And what additional steps were necessary for them to achieve their goals? This study is conducted with the aim of evaluating their role and impact in shaping Kurdish nationalism and enlightenment.
Volume 11 · Issue 4 · August 2024The National identity in Kurdish proverbs
Pareshan Khalid Sabir, Sirwan Jabbar Amin
Identity is intimately related to people’s understanding of “who they are,” “what they are,” and what matters to them. This understanding depends on a number of factors. Identity also creates similarities and differences between individuals or groups. In fact, the emergence of identity is the emergence of similarities and differences between oneself and the other. That is, when someone says I am that person, that family, that nation, he says I am different from this and that and the others. National identity is an individual's sense of affiliation with a nation. Geography has its impact on language and national identity. Without this geography, called the country, states, cultures and civilizations could not exist. Lifestyles, forms of communication and languages have emerged according to the areas in which people live. This research is entitled “National Identity in Kurdish Proverbs”. Through the study of the content of Kurdish folk proverbs, many of the characteristics of the national identity and civilizational characteristics of an important part of the population of Kurdistan, especially in the center and south, can be known. This includes familiarity with the customs and traditions and the nature of the economic, social and political situation. This research is an attempt to get to know the Kurds through the Kurds themselves, not foreigners. This paper aims to demonstrate this role. The aim of this study is to show the role and characteristics of proverbs as some examples of oral means of expressing Kurdish national identity, because proverbs are the wisdom of human experience and a mirror of culture, opinions, norms and lifestyles. For this purpose, the method of "descriptive, analytical" has been used to interpret the content of the proverbs that carry national identity.