Novel
15 articles filed under this keyword.
The Character of The Child in The Novel "Bohajin" By Nafeh Aqrawi
Zuzan Sadiq Saeed, Shima Ahmed Salim
One of the philosophers of the Enlightenment is “Jean-Jacques Rousseau”, although he was not a successful father, because he left his children in an orphanage after he separated from his wife. However, he was able to establish an educational and training method for the world - which most countries follow today -and put it under the name "Emile" and the style of this book was similar to the style of writing a novel, that is, making "Emile “a character for a child and through this child he established the principles of education. After this book was published, he returned to the orphanage to get his children back, but it was too late because they were given to families who did not own the children, and thus "Rousseau" lost his children because they changed the names and did not know which family had taken his child or children. Middle Eastern societies in general have their own rules and principles, as most countries apply the rules of the clan or the prevailing social system is left by feudal lords and money owners; therefore, people's livelihood is at the mercy of these people. The novel "Al-Ansar" is one of the Kurdish novels in which the writer was able to embody the character of "Emil" the child with the character of a child in the adolescent stage, “Saeed" .In this way, the writer shed light on the prevailing customs and traditions of Kurdish society in a specific area, as well as the strict paternal authority and the injustice that followed it and emotional deprivation, all of this on one hand and taking children out of schools to work in the markets while they are in a stage where they need to be satisfied by playing and enjoying childhood on the other hand. Through this novel, it became clear that Kurdish society at that time was going against the direction of Rousseau's educational principles. Therefore, we find that children who live in a restrictive environment will have weak personalities. Therefore, he chose this novel as an opportunity to show the prevailing educational system in some societies.
Volume 13 · Issue 1 · March 2026The Poetics of Place in the Novel of “Dimdim Castle” by the Writer (Arab Shamo)
Walat Mohammed Taher M. Saeed, Ebdi Haci
This research, entitled "The Poetics of Place in the Novel 'Dimdim Castle' by Novelist Arab Shamo," is an attempt to demonstrate the strong relationship between place and man, and the reciprocal impact of different types of places. The poetics of place refers to the aesthetic and semantic characteristics produced within the novel, where the place is not merely a background but becomes a cultural and historical symbol that reflects a social and political reality. The research was conducted based on the principles of the structural-statistical method. From the very beginning of human life, a strong and powerful connection has existed between man and place. The place is the carrier of human experience, values, and meaning; it has an effect on the psyche and the determination of human identity. Among the most important findings of the research is that benefiting from the narrative techniques of foreshadowing and flashback, the description of places, and the expressive style with selected words and artistic images, creates beautiful scenes of "Dimdim Castle" through thought and imagination, embodying the life and authenticity of the place. It is worth mentioning that our research consists of two parts. The first part discusses the concept of poetics in general. The second part deals with the place, its types, and the extent of man's relationship with it.
Volume 13 · Issue 1 · March 2026The Thematic Biography in the (Siya) Romance Novel
Hlbeen M. Hussein, Ramadan H. Kader
The genres of biography and novel share a complex and interweaved relationship. This study, titled “ The Thematic Biography in the (Siya) Romance Novel “ , explores the biography of Mamdoh Salim Beg and inspects how factors of his life are mirrored within the ( Siya ) romance novel. The analysis targets to specifying whether the novelist’s narrative is purely imaginative or be affected by real-life experiences and events. Throughout a detailed comparison between Mamdoh Salim Beg’s actual life and the novel’s narrative structure , the research constructs the novel’s biographical nature. This study is segmented into two main sections. The first section discusses the definition of biography, variety kinds of biographies (autobiographical and topical), the connection between biography and the novel, and the relationship between the novel and history. The second section is structured into two main areas: The first area focuses on thematic biography within the ( Siya ) romance novel, delivering a brief biographical synopsis of Mamdoh Salim Beg aligned with a textual introduction. The second area analyzes Mamdoh Salim Beg’s As a result, we vhave come to the conclusion thematic biography within the ( Siya ) romance novel the research consist introduction, conclusion, references, and a summary available in two languages: Kurdish and English.
Volume 12 · Issue 5 · October 2025The Theme of Jabar Jamal Xerib’s Novel (Bnuse Khween)
Sangar Qader Shekh Mohamad Haji
The theme is the most explicit component of a text, usually a poet or novelist writes a literary piece because of his/her point of view on a subject, which we call theme, and this shows the value of theme in literary genres. In the text, the theme has a strong relationship and is directly related to the character. Also, the theme can be expressed through both dialogue and monologue techniques. these don’t mean that a novelist doesn't use other techniques to manifest the novel's theme. The novel's theme could be expressed throughout a sentence, paragraphs, scenes, or events. If it is shown in a sentence, the novelist makes all elements and techniques of the text to serve the idea of the theme. Sometimes the text's theme is present in most parts of the text, the novelist expresses it in different ways and styles. This research is entitled “The Theme of the Novel Bnuse Khween” Jebar Jemal Xerib’s novel. The method of this research is the Thematic Method. The novel contains many motifs like love, hate, tolerance, revenge...etc. In this research we clarified that doubt is the theme of the novel, it is present in the whole text and connected with many elements and techniques, despite that, most major and minor characters do not trust each other.
Volume 12 · Issue 5 · October 2025Narrative Language and the Representations of Alienation in Najwa Ben Shatwan's Novels
Hana Khalid Rasul, Sami Naji Swadi
This study, entitled "Narrative Language and the Load of Alienation in the Novels of Najwa Bin Shatwan," examines the mechanisms of language's operation. Three types of linguistic employment have been discussed, preceded by an introduction to the importance of language in narrative construction, such as: the woman's voice, the beginnings of woman's entry into the world of writing, and how woman acquired a voice to express herself. The women's attitude toward alienation, the injustice, and deprivation are divided into two attitudes: an attitude of submission and compliance to alienation, and a rejection and resistance to what they are subjected to. The second type was devoted to satirical language in which the novels were able to combine sarcasm that invokes humor with the feelings of sadness and suffering of the alienated character, in addition to the focus of the small details in the contemporary Arab novel. Specifically, the postmodern novels elaborate on narrating events and describing people and places. The third type of narrative employment and work through language focused on the poetic dimension carried by vocabulary and structures. How is the poetic lexicon distinguished in the novels that are the sample of the study, besides mentioning some texts that represent alienation and came in the popular Libyan dialect, in addition to the beauty of the structures.
Volume 12 · Issue 4 · August 2025Magical Realism as a Narrative Style under the Impact of Globalization
Drakhshan Ali Baker, Ameen Abdulqader Omar
Globalization is a phenomenon that eliminates national and cultural boundaries, and strengthens both economic and cultural relations across nations. It has blended time and place, mixed nations and cultures to form a new world. The novel embraces these changes with its unique voice and tells the stories of its characters in a modern, globalized world. Magic realism has become an important style in responding to the changes that have occurred under globalization. As globalization removes borders, magical realism serves as a tool to preserve cultures influenced by modernization. It highlights how people maintain their national identity in the era of globalization. This study examines the reflection of magical realism in Tahsin Navishki's novel Gorlis (2022) as an example of Kurdish literature. Following a quantitative research methodology, the paper seeks to find an answer to this hypotheses question: To what extent did the writing style of magical realism influence the way of writing the novel Gorlis? Findings indicate that the author successfully employs magical realism to convey his critical message.
Volume 12 · Issue 4 · August 2025The Themes Of Alienation And Estrangement In Ali Badr's Novels (Cloud Player) And (The Infidel Woman).
Tazra Nooraldin Najmaldin, Latif Mohammed Hassan
This study focuses on The themes of alienation and estrangement in Ali Badr's novels (Cloud Player) and (The Infidel Woman). The study highlights two characters who left their homeland، Iraq، in search of a better life. In "Aazif al-Ghaym،" the study points to the character Nabeel، who left his country for Brussels، and in "Al-Kafira،" it focuses on the character Fatima، who left Iraq for Belgium. The study examines the reasons that led to the decision to leave the country، whether they were religious، political، or social. The novels depict the painful scenes of their journey from Iraq to exile، as well as the suffering and challenges they faced on the path to reaching a new land. The political، economic، and social environment of Iraq compelled people to emigrate، as illustrated in "Al-Kafira،" where the novelist portrays the character Fatima forced to leave her country by extremist armed forces. Similarly، Nabeel in "Aazif al-Ghaym" undergoes challenges in his homeland before colliding with what awaits him in Belgium. In "Aazif al-Ghaym،" the novel presents the strong character of Nabeel through the suffering he encounters on the journey to Europe. Despite fear and anxiety، his determination to continue the journey surpasses the hardships faced by thousands of his compatriots seeking a safe haven. Likewise، in "Al-Kafira،" Fatima's ordeal on the road extends beyond fear and anxiety to the issue of assault on her way to Brussels.
Volume 11 · Issue 5 · October 2024The problematic character in Bakhtiar Ali's novel (Ewaray Parwana
Barzan Ali Pirot, Hazhar Ahmad Abdulghafur
One of Lucien Goldmann's inventions is the problematic character who disagrees with the globalized and capitalist world, seeks high values, and strives to achieve them, but is lost or murdered. In this investigation, entitled “The problematic character in Bakhtiar Ali's novel Ewaray Parwana”, we want to present the reflection of such a character in “Ewaray Parwana” and open another entryway to the relationship between literature and society based on Goldmann’s problematic character. For this, we have first presented the issue of the relationship between literature and society, and then explained the principle of “problematic character” in the view of Goldmann and thus organizing the theoretical outline of our research. Later, an attempt has been made to identify the details of the character's appearance in the novel. Our research hypothesis is that the problematic character very clearly exists in “Ewaray Parwana”, which reflects the new situation in Kurdish society. To reach the truth of this hypothesis, we have tried to apply the principle of the problematic character to the novel with an analytical descriptive method. In the last part, we have reached some conclusions; can be pointed out that there is a problematic character in the novel and the reason for this is the strangeness and discomfort of the characters with the complexities of life and common social relationships.
Volume 11 · Issue 4 · August 2024Diversity of dialects of the novel characters according to the descriptive stylistics, the novel (Alye di ye pre) as an example
Ara Ali Ahmed, Dildar Ibrahim Ahmed, Aram Yousif Ibrahim
Methods of style directions are considered as backgrounds for certain reasons and mechanisms of the methods followed, to interpret linguistic or literary discourses and to identify certain methodological characteristics according to certain scientific methods to avoid inferential decisions and interpretations, according to linguistic levels, As a result of contemporary linguistic research done through the use of linguistic sciences in order to identify aesthetic aspects of literary works and writings. Descriptive stylistics is considered an important direction for interpretation of any innovative discourse, because the nature of methodological research, some linguistic directions are important for interpretation of any text it takes hold of itself. Because the concept of expression among linguists is connected the material form of speech, such as speech versus content, which becomes a linguistic meaning for that speech, or the sounds spoken and written on the surface of expression with surface of content, because language is speech. Either they are just some voices and each nation speaks through them, or they are voices that express their actions. This research is entitled (Diversity of dialects of the novel characters according to the descriptive stylistics, the novel (Alye di ye pre) as an example), is an attempt to explain the language expression of characters according to the theory of descriptive stylistics. Expression methodology is a good basis for interpreting text according to the mechanisms it works with in order to convey the right direction for understanding the message of each text.
Volume 10 · Issue 3 · September 2023Muhamad Khudhair's novel " Kurasat Kanun" A Study of Multi-Authoritative Power
Kawther M. Ahmad, Ramadhan M Karim, Hussien I. Muhamad
The research tackles a studying in the microphysics of power or authority in accordance to its modern form by Michel Foucault (1926-1984) who is regarded among the great philosophers in the second half of twentieth century. The research takes a modern literary text (as it's shown in the title) to trace the hidden and announced struggles among these contexts، and it also discusses the efficiency of this foucauldian concept in the terms of narratology. It، further، shows the theory of fissionable spreading of authority with its main four implications including the cover as sphere for power، the core of authority and its forms، the mechanisms of opposing authority، and criticizing the authority and its institutions and exposing their discourses. Finally، the research displays the concluded points through analysis، and via both horizontal and vertical reading for the narratorial extracts from the novel، then it ends up with footnotes، works cited، and sources.