Plato
3 articles filed under this keyword.
The Dimensions of Method Between Dialectics and Hermeneutics
Kurdistan Majid Saeed, Hameed Aziz Saeed
Since the dawn of Greek philosophy, method has played a vital role in the formation, transmission, elucidation, and expansion of knowledge. Each new problem arising within philosophical thought brings forth new doubts and questions, prompting philosophers to devise innovative approaches to inquiry and reasoning in their search for answers. Engaging with the notion of method, therefore, does more than alter the path toward truth; it directly shapes the very structure and orientation of philosophical thinking itself. This research, employing a comparative–analytical framework, examines two major philosophical methodologies dialectic and hermeneutics by tracing their historical emergence, theoretical foundations, and subsequent evolution. The discussion of dialectic focuses on the perspectives of Plato, Kant, and Hegel, interpreting it as a mode of attaining truth through contradiction, dialogue, and the dynamic interplay of ideas. The hermeneutic section, grounded in the works of Schleiermacher and Gadamer, explores the process of understanding and interpreting texts and human phenomena a process deeply intertwined with history and language. The relevance of hermeneutics, particularly in the human and social sciences, has been steadily increasing.by elucidating the historical and theoretical intersections and distinctions between these two methods, this study demonstrates that, despite their independent intellectual trajectories, dialectic and hermeneutics have significantly influenced one another in modern thought and, in some domains, function as complementary approaches. Consequently, the transformation in how these methods are understood and applied has not only redefined the modes of philosophical reflection but also reshaped the logical and methodological foundations of philosophy itself for method stands as one of the essential pillars of logic and a decisive factor in guiding the course of philosophical inquiry
Volume 10 · Issue 4 · December 2023Being in Plato’s idea
Zryan Hamza Aziz, Sarkar Hamarashid Said, Kaifi Abubaker Hamad
Human beings own an intelligent and conscious existence. This distinguishes human beings from other creatures. Human beings are characterized by thinking and asking questions about existence in general, their own existence and the universe. No other creatures possess such an intelligence. We ask why am I here and what is the source and nature of my existence? How did this world come into existence? and many other questions, which have become a problem and occupied the human mind. Before and after the rise of philosophy, the question of existence has been an important issue and an essential problem of all time. Consequently, man has been searching for the truth and answers to his questions. Man's consciousness is imperfect, which has become the source of his desires for self-completion and perfection. This imperfection is an incentive for continuous efforts to comprehend the meaning of existence. Throughout the ages, philosophers have sought the nature of the question of existence according to the times in which they lived. The answers to this question have varied, each interpreting it in a different way. Plato interpreted the question of existence under the influence of a number of schools and philosophers. The absolute existence of the Elites became the basis of the idealistic theory of eternal change, in which Heraclitus' philosophy became an important characteristic of the perceived world and material appearances, and benefited from Pythagorean numeracy. Plato's theory of existence is similar to his theory of knowledge, in a way that rises from the senses to the mind, and divides existence into two parts on this basis: The presence of objects and the presence of consciousness. Plato presents his theory of the origin and creation of the universe, which can be called "Plato's geometric nuclear or mathematical theory" about the nature of existence and the distinction between apparent existence and exemplary existence. In Plato's view of absolute existence, the "idea" and the general existence is the existence from which all things in the world originate.
Volume 8 · Issue 2 · June 2021Comparison of Mahwi's and Plato's Philosophical Texts on Theology
Saya Rashid Ahmed Raq, Chaware Neamat Saleh, Abdelrahman Jalal Othman
This study deals with the comparison between Mahwi’s poems and Plato’s philosophical texts on theology. It draws the assimilations and the differences between both views by analyzing Mahwi’s selected poems and Plato’s selected works including; The Timaeus and The Republic. It shows how a Kurdish poet delivers a philosophical idea within his poetry, and that great poetry is often deeply philosophical. The paper also proves that there is a strong relationship between literature and philosophy. However, many do not see the correlation between them, but if we look back into history, we see that some philosophers delivered their philosophical ideas through one of the literary genres. Such as Voltaire, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, Maulana Jaladini Romi, and Plato himself at first attempted to write tragedy in verse and he was reading great Greek poetry.