Public expenditures
3 articles filed under this keyword.
Measuring and Analysis of the Impact of Public Expenditures on Poverty in The Arab Republic of Egypt for (2004-2022)
Bilal Raouf Salih, Kamaran Ahmed Hama
The research aims to analyze and measure the impact of public spending on poverty rates in Egypt in the short and long term (2004-2022). To achieve this objective, I using a descriptive and econometrics analytical approach, which employed the econometric approach and the ARDL model, revealed a relatively limited impact of public spending on reducing poverty rates in the short term. This is due to the inefficient allocation of resulting from rampant administrative corruption, which led to a portion of spending being diverted away from targeted groups. The results also revealed that political instability, especially in the transitional periods following 2011, contributed to reducing the impact of public spending on improving living standards, as a result of turbulent economic policies and slow growth. In the long term, it was found that persistent administrative corruption and political volatility weakened the effectiveness of government spending in achieving comprehensive and sustainable development, and poverty rates remained at relatively high levels. The study recommends reforming financial governance mechanisms, enhancing transparency and accountability, and achieving political stability to ensure that public spending is directed efficiently toward poverty reduction and social justice.
Volume 12 · Issue 3 · June 2025The Efficacy of Pricing Public Goods and Services in Revenue Generation
Khaled Haider Abd Ali, Perot Muhammad Amin
This study aims to analyse the efficacy of pricing public goods and services in producing public revenues and supporting public expenditures in Egypt from 2010 to 2019. Utilising a comprehensive scientific methodology incorporating a comprehensive literature review, quantitative analysis, and inductive reasoning, this study aims to examine the hypothesis suggesting a correlation between fiscal policy and the pricing of public goods and services. The findings indicate that the pricing mechanisms employed for specific categories, such as taxes on income and profits, customs charges, power tariffs, and fees for housing and building services, exhibit a lack of efficacy in generating public revenues. The pricing mechanism seems to diverge from financial policies aimed at increasing public revenues through the acquisition of more cash, as indicated by an evaluation of the historical importance of income streams obtained from the pricing of public goods and services. The percentages of contribution are rather tiny, which do not sufficiently cover public expenditures or have a substantial impact on the GDP. The results provide evidence in favour of the theoretical proposition positing a connection between fiscal policy and the pricing of public goods and services in Egypt. The study concludes by providing valuable insights into fiscal policy that could be of significance to governmental authorities.
Volume 12 · Issue 1 · February 2025Measuring and Analyzing the Impact of Public Expenditure on Inflation Rates in Iraq (2004-2022)
Bakhan Qadir Sulaiman, Ako khdir Abdullah, Kamaran Ahmad Hama
Public expenditures are the main element in influencing indicators of economic stability, as public expenditures affect economic growth by increasing or decreasing production, through their impact on increasing demand, The research aims to analyze the impact of public spending on economic inflation rates in the Iraqi economy during the period (2004 - 2022) and the use of time series to express the nature of the relationship between the variables of the study by estimating and analyzing the relationship in the applied side in which the ARDL model was used. The study employs descriptive analysis and econometric methods using (ARDL) approach to assess these factors. The results reveal that public expenditures, GDP, and the state of the war on terrorism have strong effects on inflation rates in the short term. However, the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on inflation is found to be very weak The impact of gross national product (GNP) on inflation rates remains strong in the long term. However, the effect of public expenditures has turned negative, which can be attributed to the nature of the Iraqi rentier economy. On the other hand. This research suggests that Iraq needs to implement a balanced fiscal policy and focus on government public expenditures.