Technology
2 articles filed under this keyword.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Language Services
Sakar Kamal Wahid, Talar Sabah Omer
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that, since its inception, has converged with various disciplines and fields. As a modern and integrative approach to knowledge, it offers extensive services to language processing, continuously expanding its capabilities. This growth enhances communication efficiency and accelerates access to information, helping to bridge linguistic gaps globally—particularly for the Kurdish language. This study, titled "The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Language Services: The Kurdish Language as a Case Study," underscores AI’s pivotal role in developing and preserving Kurdish through natural language processing (NLP) applications. These advancements have also exposed persistent linguistic challenges in Kurdish. Our research aims to: Explore the scope of human intelligence across its manifestations and levels, Highlight AI’s contributions to the Kurdish language, Evaluate how effectively Kurdish has leveraged these tools for its advancement and preservation, and Assess the current standing of Kurdish within AI-driven language technologies. While AI enables Kurdish to remain vibrant and competitive among the world’s living languages, its AI-supported resources remain limited compared to other languages. This disparity stems from the predominance of individual efforts rather than coordinated initiatives among.
Volume 11 · Issue 5 · October 2024The 1991 Gulf War and the role of the Allied Air Force in destroying Iraq
Karwan Sharef Qadir
When the Iraqi army invaded Kuwait, it quickly followed by a strong international reaction, each one of the United States and its allies in the West and the Gulf countries expressed their opposition and disapproval to this act of Iraq. Not only the aforementioned countries but also some of those countries that considered themselves friends of Iraq like the former Soviet Union condemned this aggressive act of Iraq. Hence, to prevent Iraq from taking further actions to attack some other Gulf countries, the United States began to send troops to Saudi Arabia. Along with the military preparations, Iraq was repeatedly warned to withdraw its forces from Kuwait, but it ignored these demands and did not withdraw from it. Consequently, an international military operation involving 34 countries could expel Iraqi forces from Kuwait from December 17 th to February 24 th 1991. Again, the Kuwaiti ruling family could return to power. In this study, we want to elucidate that although the air force strikes played a role in defeating the Iraqi army, but it was not the main factor in defeating it. In addition, it is true that during the six weeks of the International Allies’ air strikes, they dropped dozens of tons of bombs and missiles on the Iraqi army, and the Iraqi army was not capable of fighting the Allies ground forces. We have also briefly discussed the Gulf War and the reasons that led the Iraqi army to invade Kuwait, then we have discussed the role of the Allied countries’ air forces in this war, whether the air force played a major role in the Gulf War or not. Finally, the effects of the Gulf War on the Iraqi government have been explicated.