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The 2014 Yazidi Genocide and its Reflection in New and International Media
Jaza Ahmed fars, Rebin Abdalrahman Fatah
Genocide is considered an international crime. In 2014, the Yazidis faced genocide at the hands of the terrorist organization (ISIS). In this tragedy, thousands of women, men, children, youth and the elderly were genocided. It is known that the massacre committed by ISIS against the Shiite people in Sinjar means the extermination and attempts to erase a religious community, because thousands of women were kidnapped, raped and treated as slaves in the market, and the fate of some of them is still unknown. This religion is also practiced in Kurdistan, Iraq, Syria, Armenia, Turkey, etc. Crimes included mass murder, kidnapping, trafficking in women and children, and forced conversion. As several international legal reports have revealed, the complete extermination or destruction of the essence of the Yazidis as an ethnic group, and the Yazidi community suffered great psychological and social damage, most of the Yazidi areas were destroyed by the attacks. Therefore, most Yezidis have not yet recovered from the psychological effects of the genocide. This study is an analytical study to present the role of new media in the recognition and dissemination of the genocide of the Yazidis worldwide. In this paper we will answer the following questions: What is genocide? What is new media? How did the Yazidis face genocide? What is the role of the new media in the issue of publicizing and recognizing the genocide of the Yazidis? To answer these questions in this research we have used several methods including: descriptive, analytical and historical methods, each of these methods according to the needs of our research. It is important to note that the importance of this study lies in the fact that during our research we found that until the writing of this study, there has been little research in this field that links the new media to the issue of recognizing the Yazidi genocide.
Volume 12 · Issue 2 · April 2025Recipient Exposure to Fake News on Kurdish Websites and Their Reaction to
Banaz HamaRashid hassan, Roza Hamaweass Hama Mermaid
This study titled (Recipient Exposure to Fake News on Kurdish Websites and Their Reaction to It), this study employs survey research, the main objective of the study is to examine the extent of recipients' exposure to fake news on Kurdish websites and to analyze their reactions to it, as well as to identify the types of fake news encountered, a survey questionnaire was used as the primary tool for data collection. The research population and sample consists of university lecturers and individuals with advanced degrees in media studies, the sample comprises 100 participants, all of whom are media department lecturers or holders of higher degrees in media, the key findings of the study reveal that the sample perceives a significant amount of fake news on Kurdish websites, they attribute this to an effort to increase website traffic through views and likes, as well as to divert the audience's attention away from critical current events. Among the types of fake news, the inconsistency between headlines and article content is particularly noted. The study also finds that fake news tends to spike during political crises and election campaigns. Participants expressed concern that fake news leads to confusion and instability, causing them to lose trust in these websites, the researchers also provide several recommendations.
Volume 10 · Issue 4 · December 2023News Frames of the Russian-Ukrainian War on the Websites
Farooq Jameel Kareem
This study aimed to reveal the news frameworks of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the (Rudaw) and (BBC) Arabic websites. The study adopted the content analysis method within the descriptive approach, as its sample consisted of all news materials published on the two websites during the first week of the war, for the period between (24/2/2022) until (2/3/2022). The total sample during the mentioned period amounted to (183) news for both sites. The study reached several results, most notably: There are statistically significant differences in the framing of the news of the Russian-Ukrainian war by the both websites. (Rudaw) focused on news briefings, while (BBC Arabic) focused on news reports in the first place. The two sites did not rely on media sources from the two sides of the conflict, while Rudaw obtained information by monitoring the accounts of senior officials of the two sides of the conflict on social media (18,55%). The results also show that the both websites depend on their correspondents and delegates in the manufacture and transmission of news with a very small percentage. While news reports were prepared by the both websites' correspondents from other countries such as the United States, Germany and Britain, not on the battlefield or on the territory of the two warring countries. With regard to the persuasive frameworks used in presenting the news, the results showed that Rudaw was more reasonable and neutral, while BBC Arabic was biased towards sympathizing with the Ukrainians and portraying them as an oppressed people. The main reason for this difference may be the reflection of the official and political position of the funder of both sites, as Rudaw refrained from any attempt to make an impact and attract the attention of the recipient, as it tried in (90,72%) of its news to convey facts and information only, leaving the decision and interpretation to the recipient. Contrasted with (BBC Arabic), which used several terms such as: occupation, invasion, crime, violations, in order to convince the public of its tendencies towards sympathy with the Ukrainians.
Volume 8 · Issue 4 · December 2021Elite Media Trends Towards the Extent of Commitment of Kurdish Websites to the Ethics of the Profession in the Kurdistan Region - A field Study
Azad Abdulaziz Mohammed, Tahir Hassu Zebari
The study aims to explain and identify the trends of the Kurdish media elite with regard to the level of commitment of Kurdish websites to professional ethics in the Kurdistan Region. This study is a descriptive study in which the survey method was used. The community of this study is consists of the media elite in the Kurdistan Region, whether it is the lecturers in the media departments in the universities and institutes of the region, or the experienced media professionals who are in charge of managing media institutions. The most prominent results of the study are: The majority of the study sample agrees that the content of Kurdish websites is a mixture of adherence to the principles of professional ethics, especially in presenting all the information related to the event and avoiding intentional exaggeration, and also non-compliance with these principles, especially in their lack of commitment to the sources of information contained in the news.