Sub-humanising The Others: Cross-Cultural Reception of Films. , Iranian/Western Interpretation of Snyder’s 300

Authors

  • Kovan Hussein Saado Department of Media , College of Humanities, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26750/paper

Keywords:

300, reception theory, audience research, film studies, authorship, representation, cross-cultural reception, making meaning.

Abstract

This paper aims to scrutinizes the reception of 300 film (Dir: Snyder, 2007). Debunking the concepts of “immanent meaning”, “autonomous of the text” and other hermeneutics-based interpretations of text, has been renounced for marginalizing the audiences.

Within the realm of Reception theory and audience research as audiences are understood to be engaged in a process of making, rather than simply absorbing, meanings; this paper takes an approach of analyzing the cross-cultural making meaning of 300 by looking at Iranian/western interpretation of the film and investigating the data: comments and reviews from weblogs and internet forums as well as the encounter between audiences via Youtube, which have been established anti/pro of the film.

Firstly, this paper interrogates the synchronic area of film [film production, distribution, exhibition and journalistic review, and social and historical contexts like economy, law, religion, politics, class, race and ethnicity gender etc] as well as   the diachronic areas [academic theory, criticism and history, broadcasting, satellite and cable television, fan culture, the biographical legend and cross-cultural reception. [Klinger, 1997]. Secondly, how the contextual influence on the textual, more precisely how the film has been linked to the political conflict between United Stated and Iran, during the its ‘War on Terror’ in Middle East. Lastly, due to authorial restrictions and media monitoring on the film in Iran only a few number of Iranian audiences likely to have seen the film. The method of data analysis is based on viewer’s responses to a BBC news report uploaded in Youtube about the political controversy between Iran and US on the film.  As well as analysing the Iranian diasporas’ E-protesting by establishing website and weblogs against the film.

References

Austin, T. 2002, Hollywood, hype and audiences: selling and watching popular film in the 1990s, Manchester University Press, Manchester.
Aylish Wood (2011): Digital afx: digital dressing and affective shifts in Sin City and 300 , New Review of Film and Television Studies, 9:3, 283-295
Bordwell, D. 1989, Making meaning: inference and rhetoric in the interpretation of cinema, Harvard University Press.
Burgoyne, R. 2011 the epic film in world culture, Routledge, London.
Crabtree, S. 2007 Graphic leaps, Director Zack Snyder mixes tricks to create a comic-book grandeur for `300' on the screen. .[Online]. Available from http://articles.latimes.com/2007/mar/04/entertainment/ca-3004 (Accessed : 17 April 2013)
D’Arcens L. 2009 Iraq, the Prequel(s):
Historicising Military Occupation and Withdrawal in Kingdom of Heaven and 300 .[Online]. Available from http://tlweb.latrobe.edu.au/humanities/screeningthepast/26/early-europe/kingdom-of-heaven-300.html (Accessed : 04 May 2013)
Dabashi, H. The '300' stroke.[Online]. Ava ible from http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2007/856/cu1.ht
Gual, C. 2007 From the ‘300’ to Aeschylus. 
Depictions of the barbaric Persians and the athletic Spartans .[Online]. Available from http://www.essayandscience.com/article/3/from-the-300-to-aeschylus-depictions-of-the-barbaric-persians-and-the-athletic-spartans/ (Accessed : 29 April 2013)
Hassler-Forest D. The 300 Controversy: 
A Case Study in the Politics of Adaptation .[Online]. Available from http://www.filmandhistory.org/controversial_films/films/300.php (Accessed : 02 May 2013)
Holland, Tom. "Mirage in the Movie House." Arion 15.1 (2007): 173-182.
http://hamshahrionline.ir/details/18017(Accessed : 23 April 2013)
http://motaghionline.blogfa.com/post-12.aspx (Accessed : 20 April 2013)
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/6455969.stm (Accessed : 14 April 2013)
http://www.300themovie.info/music/(Accessed : 19 April 2013)
http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=300.htm (Accessed : 30 April 2013)
http://www.drgoodarzi.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=89:300-&catid=45:1388-06-31-19-33-22&Itemid=79(Accessed : 20 April 2013)
http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=8601020013(Accessed : 28 April 2013)
http://www.filmandhistory.org/controversial_films/films/300.php (Accessed : 27 April 2013)
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0416449/(Accessed : 30April 2013)
http://www.persiancultures.com/Film/300_the%20_movie/300_the_movie_Battle_of_Persians_and_spartans.htm (Accessed : 12 April 2013)
http://www.petitiononline.com/wpci96c/petition.html (Accessed : 16 April 2013)
http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1598886,00.html?cnn=yes. (Accessed : 06 April 2013)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcuudK3SPJE (Accessed :08 April 2013)
Jenkins, H. 2000 Reception theory and audience research: the mystery of the vampire's kiss, http://web.mit.edu/cms/People/henry3/vampkiss.html
Joneidi, M. 2007 Iranian anger at Hollywood ‘assult’.[Online]. Available from http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/6455969.stm
Klinger, B. (1997). Film history terminable and interminable: recovering the past in reception studies. Screen, 38(2), 107-128.
Klinger, B. & Sirk, D. 1994, Melodrama and meaning: history, culture and the films of Douglas Sirk, Indiana U.P.
Klinger, Barbara. 2006. The art film, affect and the viewer: The Piano revisited. Screen 47, no. 1: 19–41.
Liebes, T. & Katz, E. 1993, The Export of meaning: cross-cultural readings of Dallas, Polity P.
Miller, T. 2004, Global Hollywood 2, BFI, London.
Staiger, J. 1992, Interpreting films: studies in the historical reception of American cinema, Princeton U.P.
Tait, R. 2007 Iran accuses Hollywood of 'psychological warfare' .[Online]. Available from http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/mar/14/iran.film (Accessed : 13April 2013)
Turner, G. 2006, Film as social practice, Routledge, London

Downloads

Published

2020-08-18

How to Cite

Saado, K. H. (2020). Sub-humanising The Others: Cross-Cultural Reception of Films. , Iranian/Western Interpretation of Snyder’s 300. Journal of University of Raparin, 7(3), 369–385. https://doi.org/10.26750/paper

Issue

Section

Humanities & Social Sciences