Loss of the Native Language Role of the Mother Tongue
The Threat of the Second Language (English) to Overtake the First Language (Kurdish)(A Sociolinguistic study)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26750/9gpvan20Keywords:
Mother Tongue , Second Language , Sociolinguistic, Method .Abstract
Loss of the Native Language Role of the Mother Tongue: The Threat of the Second Language (English) to Overtake the First Language (Kurdish) is the title of my thesis. The rationale behind this title is to account for the influence English has on Kurdish in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Today in most of the private schools of KRI, the language of instruction is English. Including nursery, kindergarten, primary and secondary stages, this has not only made English the formal instruction language, but also the main language of communication among the students studying at these schools. The explanation the school administrators provide to justify this shift is not convincing.
The resent work consists of two chapters. The first chapter, titled Failure of Learning English Effectively in the public Schools, is dedicated to the methods of Second Language learning through school curriculums. We argue that these methods of have not been given the required importance in the public schools.
The second chapter, Loss of the Native Language Role of the Mother Tongue, is a theoretical account of the threats English is losing on Kurdish in KRI through the curricula the private and exemplary schools are using.
References
دزهیی، عەبدولواحید موشیر (2014)، زمانەوانیی دەرونی، ناوەندی ئاودێر، هەولێر.
سیوەیلی ڕێبوار ( ٢٠٢٠)، ئەوروپاییەکانی کوردستان: گەڕانەوەی کۆلۆنیاڵیزم؟! چاپی یەکەم. ناوەندی بڵاکراوەی زریاب، ، هەولێر.
شوانی، ڕەفیق (٢٠٠٨)، زمانی کوردی و شوێنی لە ناو زمانەکانی جیهاندا، چاپخانەی موکریان، هەولێر.
عبدالله، ڕۆژان نوری (٢٠٠٧)، فەرهەنگی زمان و زاراوەسازی کوردی، خانەی چاپ و بڵاوکردنەوەی چوارچرا، چاپی یەکەم، سلێمانی.
فەتاح، محەمەد مەعروف ( ٢٠١١)، زمانەوانی، چاپی سێیهم، لە بڵاوکراوەکانی ئەکادیمیای کوردی، هەولێر.
ڤینی، بریگت (٢٠١٨)، مێژوی زمانی ئینگلیزی، وەرگێڕانی: نەریمان عەبدولڵا خۆشناو و م. ڕەوەند سەباح ئەحمەد، ناوەندی بڵاوکراوەی ئاوێر، هەولێر.
محمد، هیدایەت عبدالله (٢٠٠٧)، وشە و زاراوەی خوازراو و سەپێنراو لە زمانی کوردیدا، گۆڤاری زانکۆی سڵیمانی، بەشى (B) ژمارە (٢١)، سلێمانی، زانکۆی سلێمانی، سلێمانی.
مەحوی، محەمەد (2001)، زمان و زانستی زمان، چاپی یەکەم، دەزگای چاپ و پەخشی سەردەم، سلێمانی.
النعیمی، حسام سیعد (١٩٨٠)، الدراسات اللهجیة والصوتیة عند ابن جنی، سلسلة دراسات (٢٣٤) ، دار الرشید للنشر، منشورات وزارة الثقافة والاعلام، الجمهوریة العراقیة.
شحاتة حسن ، ، والنجار، زینب (٢٠٠٣) معجم المصطلحات لاتربویة والنفسیة، قاهرة، الدار لامصریة اللبنانیة.
محي-الدين، إ. (٢٠١٦) استخدام الطريقة الإيحائية لترقية مهارة الاستماع في تعليم اللغة العربية. Jurnal endidikan Islam ، ٢(٢)، ٣٤٨-٣٧٨.
بيير بورديو و آخرون( 1993)، حرفة عالم الإجتماع، ترجمة: نظير جاهل، دار النشر: دار الحقيقة، الطبعة :الأولى.
محمدی، عادل (٢٠٢٣)، تصورات پیرامون زبان، نشر (48books) چاپ اول، سوئد.
ABU-MELHIM, A.-R. (2009). Re-evaluating the Effectiveness of the Audio-lingual Method in Teaching English to Seakers of Other Languages. International Forum of Teaching and Studies, 5(2), 39-63.
ALKHULI, M. A. (2006). Methods of Teaching English. Swaileh, Jordan: Falah ublishing.
ALMER, D. C. (2006). On Chomsky's Araisal of Skinner's Verbal Behavior: A Half Century of Misunderstanding. Behav Anal, 29(2), 253–267.
ASHER, J. J. (1968). The Total hysical Resonse Method for Second Language Learning. California.
BANCROFT, W. (1999). Suggestoedia and Language Acquisition. Toronto: University of Toronto.
BAYLEY, S. N. (1998). The Direct Method and modern language teaching in England 1880-1918. History of Education, 27(1), 39-57. doi:htts://doi.org/10.1080/0046760980270104
BRENNAN, M., & Brien, D. (2000). Silent way. In M. Byram, Routledge Encycloedia of Language Teaching and Learning (. 546-548). Taylor & Francis Routledge.
BRUMFIT, C. (1986). Introduction: Communicative Methodology. In C. Brumfit, The ractice of Communicative Teaching (. vii-3). Oxford: ergamon ress in association with British Council.
CANALE, M., & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical Bases of Communicative Aroaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing. Alied Linguistics, 1(1), 1-47.
CHOMSKY, N. (1965). Asects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge: THE M.LT. RES.
Cross, J. W. (1977). Sign Language And Second-Language Teaching. Sign Language Studies, 16, 269-282.
Crystal, D. (2004). The language revolution. Cambridge: olity ress.
DONALDSON, D. E. (1922). The Direct Method. Hisania, 5(6), 360-364.
ER, S. (2013). Using Total hysical Resonse Method in Early Childhood Foreign Language Teaching Environments. 3rd World Conference on Learning, Teaching and Educational Leadershi – WCLTA 2012 (. 1766-1768). Ankara: rocedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.
GATTEGNO, C. (1972). Teaching foreign languages in schools: The silent way (2nd ed.). New York: Educational Solutions.
Harris R. (2001) Linguistics after Saussure. In: Cobley . editor. The Routledge.
HOWATT, A. . (2014). The History of Teaching English as a Foreign Language, from a British and Euroean ersective. language and history, 57(1), 75–95.
HURST, N. R. (1997). Notional syllabuses : twenty one years on. Revista da faculdade de letras 'linguas e literaturas', 14(199), 489-504.
JIN-FANG, S., & QING-XUE, L. (2007). An Analysis of Language Teaching Aroaches and Methods —Effectiveness and Weaknes. US-China Education Review, 4(1), 69-71.
KELLY, L. G. (1969). 25 Centuries of Language Teaching. Ottawa: Newbury House ublishers.
LA-FORGE, . G. (1971). Community language learning; a ilot study. Language Learning, 1(21), 45-61.
Mart, C. T. (2013). The Audio-Lingual Method: An Easy way of Achieving Seech. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3(12), 63-65.
MATAMOROS-GONZÁLEZ, J., ROJAS, M., ROMERO, J., VERA-QUIÑONEZ, S., & SOTO, S. (2017). English Language Teaching Aroaches: A Comarison of the Grammar-translation, Audiolingual, Communicative, and Natural Aroaches. Theory and ractice in Language Studies, 7(11), 965-973.
MONGILLO, G., RUMEL, S., & LOEWENSTEIN, Y. (2017). Intrinsic volatility of synatic connections — a challengeto the synatic trace theory of memory. Current Oinion in Neurobiology(46), 7-13.
NAEINI, N. N., & SHAHROKHI, M. (2016). Relationshi between Gender and Vocabulary Teaching Methodology among Iranian EFL Children: A Comarison of TR and Direct Method. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 7(1), 60-74.
NURHASANAH, S. (2015). The Use of Community Language Learning Method to Increase the Students’ articiation in Classroom Conversation. REGISTER, 8(1), 81-98.
RICHARDS, J. C. (2006). Communicative language teaching today. New York: Cambridge University res.
RICHARDS, J., & RODGERS, T. (1999). Aroaches and Methods in Language Teaching (15th ed.). Cambridge University res.
Schiffrin, D. Tannen, D. & Hamilton, H. E. (2001) “Introduction”, in D. Schiffrin.
SUTHERLAND, K. (1978). Reviewed Work(s): Learning Another Language through Actions: The Comlete Teacher'sGuidebook by James J. Asher. TESOL Quarterly, 12(2), 204-206.
TAMURA, F. (1983). The develoment of community language learning, the silence way and suggestoedia in comarison with other methods. Trends in Language Methodology in the US, 13-23.
Woods, N (2006). Describing Discourse: A ractical to Discourse Analysis. London.
YALDEN, J. (1986). An Interactive Aroach to Syllabus Design: the Frameworks roject 1. In C. Brumfit, The ractice of Communicative Teaching (. 25-41). Oxford: ergamon ress in association with the British Council.
htts://www.cambridge.org/elt/blog/2022/04/29/learning-language-changes-your-brain
htts://scholar.harvard.edu/ierredegalbert/node/632263
htts://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/magazine/english-language-day
Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 2
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Raparin Journal of Humanities (RJH)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
