impact
13 articles filed under this keyword.
The Impact of Six-Dimensional (PDEODE) To Acquire the Literature Concepts by Eighth Graders in Kurdish Literature
Shivan Ramdhan NabI Doskee, Diyar Abdulkareem Saeed
The purpose of the this applied linguistic research is to find out the effectiveness and efficiency of the pedagogical strategy "six-dimensional" or named PDEODE in instruction of Kurdish literature for Eighth graders in order achieve a language acquisition. This study is conducted by designing examinations for two equal groups by the researchers. The experimental group is taught by the effectual strategy "six-dimensional", whereas the controlled group is educated by normal strategies and techniques. The evaluative exam was carried as a post-test. The participants are girls who are eighth graders from morning state schools of Duhok Educative directorate/ Ministry of education (KRG) in the academic year 2024-2025, their number is approximately 1935 students. Vina school for girls and Peshang schools were opted deliberately in the center of Duhok. The experimental group was selected randomly that contains 26 participants from Vina school, while the controlled group form from Peshang School which includes twenty-seven respondents. The evaluative exam was designed as form of MCQ which consists of three questions which is divided into twenty-four branches or sub questions. The assessment process was carried out from 2/10/2024 until 23/12/2024.T.test was adapted in order to assess and gain data for statistics. SPSS program is used to analyse data from the two collected samples. The experimental study shows the adaptation of six-dimensional strategy is very practical, useful, effective and efficient for acquiring literature concepts in contrast to the controlled group. The researcher found out the results, recommended and suggested the future research projects.
Volume 13 · Issue 1 · March 2026The Impact of Using the Strategies of the Listening Triangle and Carousel on the Achievement of Eighth Grade Male Students in Kurdish Grammar
Ageed Ramadhan Tukil, Ayad Fayzallah Othman
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of using Listening Triangle and Carousel strategies on the academic achievement of eighth-grade male students in the subject of Kurdish grammar.The researchers used a quasi-experimental design with equivalent groups. The sample included eighth-grade male students from public boys’ schools in the Directorate of Eastern Education in the city centre of Duhok during totaling (2056) students in (16) schools for the academic year 2024–2025. The researchers intentionally selected Bzav School, and then randomly divided the students into two groups:Experimental group (D): 31 students Control group (A): 32 students.The experimental group was taught using the Listening Triangle and Carousel strategies, while the control group was taught the same subject using the traditional method.The researchers designed two types of lesson plans for each grammar topic: One using the Listening Triangle and Carousel strategies for the experimental group Another using the traditional approach for the control groupTo measure achievement, a test consisting of 35 items was developed, with psychometric properties considered for accuracy and reliability. After a season of teaching and the end of a semester, the researchers administered the test, collected data, and performed statistical analysis using the T-test.The results showed that the Listening Triangle and Carousel strategies had a positive and significant effect on the academic achievement of students in the experimental group.
Volume 12 · Issue 6 · December 2025The Effect of Listen-Read-Discuss (LRD) Strategy on Academic Achievement in History Among Eleventh-Grade Students.
Rawa Salih Mohammed, Hemn Mahmood Ahmed
This study aims to determine the effect of using Listen-Read-Discuss (LRD)strategy on the academic achievement of eleventh-grade students in History. The researcher followed the experimental approach, relying on two experimental designs (an experimental group and a control group).The research population consisted of all eleventh-grade female literary students at Arenko High School for 2024-2025. The study sample included 43 female students, randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group was 20 students, which they were taught using LRD strategy, and the control group was 20 students, which they were taught using the traditional method. The study's balance included previous year's History grades, Raven IQ test scores, parents' academic achievement, and students' ages in months. The researcher identified the educational material in Chapters 4 and 5 of the New and Contemporary History textbook. He developed behavioral objectives based on Bloom's levels (remembering, understanding, applying, and analyzing) which they were 130 behavioral objectives. He also prepared lesson plans for the academic subjects consisting of three daily lesson plans per week for each research group. The researcher has identified the data collection tools to achieve the research objectives via achievement test, which they were (50) items of multiple-choice type, and its validity was confirmed by presenting them to a group of experts, after calculating the ease or difficulty coefficient, discriminatory power and reliability of the test by using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient showed (0.87), which is a high rate, and thus the final test consisted of 43 items. After the end of the experiment, which lasted 12 weeks, the researcher applied the tools to the study sample. After collecting and analyzing the data using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), the researcher reached this result, there were statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the mean scores of the two research groups in the academic achievement test in favor of the experimental group. In light of the study results, the researcher reached a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.
Volume 12 · Issue 5 · October 2025The Impact of the Judd and Lavoie Model on Acquiring of Geographic Concepts Among Eighth-Grade Female Students in Social Studies
Nareen Kamal Saeed Shekho, Rawa Salih Mohammad Rahman, Sherzad Ali Ahmed
The present study seeks to investigate (The Impact of the Judd and Lavoie Model on Acquiring of Geographic Concepts Among Eighth-Grade Female Students in Social Studies). In order to meet the research aims and test its hypotheses, the researchers employed an experimental design with partial control. The study was carried out on eighth-grade female students at Zaytoun Basic School, which is associated with Shaqlawa Education - Erbil, during the second semester of the academic year (2023 – 2024). Following deliberate selection from the schools within the research population, a sample of 84 female students was randomly selected. In this regard, 42 students were assigned to the experimental group, where they were taught Geography using the Judd and Lavoie model, while the remaining 42 students formed the control group and were taught the subject using traditional methods. Subsequently, the researchers ensured equivalence between the two groups by matching them in terms of variables such as chronological age in months, intelligence, previous year’s grades in Social Studies, mothers’ qualifications, and fathers’ qualifications. Additionally, the researchers identified 18 geographical concepts and established three behavioral objectives for each concept based on the processes of concept acquisition they adopted (definition, understanding, application). The total count of these objectives was 90. Furthermore, a test containing 40 items of multiple-choice questions was developed to assess the female students' understanding of geographical concepts. The test underwent scrutiny to ensure its validity, reliability, and the effectiveness of the incorrect answer choices. Following the conclusion of the experiment, the researchers administered the research instrument to both groups remotely. The response sheets were then gathered, assessed, analyzed, and statistically processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The obtained results were as follows: The female students in the experimental group demonstrated superior performance compared to those in the control group in the Acquiring geographical concepts test. Based on these findings, the researchers drew several conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions.
Volume 12 · Issue 4 · August 2025The Impact of Social Media Advertising, Especially Snapchat, on Female University Students)
Sarkawt Waysi Kareem
The Impact of Social Media Advertising on Female University Students Snapchat as an example. Snapchat has a role in creating influence across all sectors of life, particularly in social and professional aspects related to daily basis, including many scocial issues and topics. Currently, advertising companies are so active on social media platforms, especially Snapchat, which has gained wide range of attention in the lives of individuals and communities. In this era of fast technological advancement, the researcher in this study scientifically examines the extent of the impact of social media advertising on female university students. The primary goal of this study is to understand the relationship between social media advertising and Snapchat, explore the characteristics of advertising influence through Snapchat, evaluate the level of its impact, and identify Snapchat's key role in shaping advertising effects on female university students. Community of The study consists of female students at Salahaddin University in Erbil, spanning different colleges, departments, and academic levels. A stratified random sampling was used to distribute (300) forms of questionnaires. The researcher employed statistical tools based on the (SPSS) system for data analysis. The study adopts a descriptive method , and for practical data collection and precise conclusions, the researchers used survey methodology to determine the impact of social media advertising on female university students. The study reached several key scientific findings, most notably: Snapchat is a significant factor in the effectiveness of social media advertising on female students at Salahaddin University. The results highlight the crucial role Snapchat plays in advertising influence.
Volume 12 · Issue 4 · August 2025The Effect of the Raft Strategy in Obtaining the Kurdish Language Grammar for the Students of the Fifth Basic Grade
Shaban Ramadan Hassan, Ayad Faiz Allah Othman
The study investigated the efficacy of Rafat strategy on Kurdish grammar acquisition among fifth-grade primary students. The research population encompassed schools within the Amedi District Education Directorate's jurisdiction. Through purposive sampling, researchers selected Isifka and Rozh mixed primary schools, randomly assigning subjects to experimental group in Isifka School (30) students and the control group in Rozh School (29) students. The researcher also controlled a number of non-experimental variables. A 25-item achievement test was constructed to measure learning outcomes. Following experimental implementation, data collection, and statistical analysis, results indicated statistically significant differences between the experimental group taught via Rafat strategy and the control group instructed through conventional methodologies. Mean score comparisons revealed superior performance among students exposed to the Rafat strategy. Statistical significance of these differences confirmed the hypothesis that Rafat strategy positively impacts Kurdish grammar acquisition. The findings demonstrate that strategic instructional interventions can enhance grammatical competence among primary school learners. This research contributes to the pedagogical literature on effective grammar instruction methodologies in the context of Kurdish language education, suggesting that innovative approaches like Rafat strategy warrant further implementation and investigation in primary educational settings. The researchers concluded that the experimental intervention produced measurable improvements in student achievement compared to traditional instructional approaches.RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.
Volume 12 · Issue 3 · June 2025The Impact of Public Relations on Marketing in the Era of Social Media
Hoshyar Muzaffar Ali, Thahir Hamadamin Sabir
This research discusses in a description method the Impact of public relations in social media marketing. The research aims to analyze the mutual effect between public relations and marketing strategies and how these relations contribute to enhancing promotion and the making of the value of the brand. The research also discusses the tools and steps that public relations offers to support marketing in this digital era with focusing on its effect on building general opinion and long term customers. Public relations has become a core variable in marketing success. Especially in the age of social media which witnesses a major shift in the methods of social interactions and the impact on general opinion? This research represents the effect of public relations on marketing in doing so also understanding the new dynamics which links effective marketing and the making of the mental image of the brands. Public relations depend on building transparent social channels that are effective between firms and its prospects. With the emergence of social media these channels became interactive stages with an immediate sense that allowed public relations to develop innovative strategies that serve marketing goals. Public relations are no longer limited to enhancing the firm’s image, instead it became a major partner in relaying marketing messages, targeting prospects, and managing reactions. Within this framework classical public relations interact with new digital ones to offer a new value for marketing. For instance, public relations can contribute to enhance interactions with the marketing content, building impactful stories about products and services, and increase brand awareness. It also contributes to increase the prospect’s trust which directly affects purchase decisions and achieve customer loyalty.
Volume 12 · Issue 3 · June 2025The Impact of Solid Waste on Tourism in the Doukan District Center
Fouad Khalid Saeed, Hemn Abdullah Wasta Ahmad
Urban solid waste is currently of great importance to the management of population areas (cities, towns, villages, temporary and seasonal settlements) in the world is constantly emphasized, the impact of this waste is clear on the tourism sector Isn't it reducing tourists? The aim of this research is to know the current management (collection, transportation and treatment) of waste in Dukan district and analyze the impact of this management (collection, transportation and treatment) on tourism in tourist attractions Administratively, it consists of six districts (Center, Khdran, Surdash, Khalkan, Piramagrun, Bangird). The method used in this study is descriptive analysis. The population of the district is constantly increasing Population activities include tourism, administrative activities, wholesale and retail trade and industrial services, small industries, two medium and one large food industries. Waste generally consists of: organic waste (food), plastic waste, glass waste, paper and cardboard waste. The Environmental Department of Dukan District Municipality is responsible for supervising this work. The work is contracted to Anzo Construction Company. It collects waste daily (except Fridays) from all sectors The total number of equipment used for collection and burial is 31. The amount of waste in the district is increasing. There is no separation of waste into sectors in this district (only waste). Their doctors have special furnaces inside the hospitals and they burn the necessary amount of medical waste. The average daily collection of waste is 79.272 tons/day, which is 1.147 kg per person Waste, obviously remaining in one place and not collecting solid waste pollutes the environment, causes air pollution and visual pollution, on the other hand spreads an unpleasant smell in the place If the company does not know, the company has set up mobile numbers for the employees and the administration of the tourist areas to call them and go directly to collect the waste. These are all reasons for the tourist areas to remain clean Travel Choose this area, the negative impact of waste transportation on the tourism sector is observed, because capsule vehicles are used to collect and transport waste, directly cover the waste and suppress the smell (to a large extent). The reason for the spread of smell and spillage of water on the streets (the administration of tourist areas have been notified in this case, I will work to minimize the mixing of water with waste). The only solution is to bury the waste underground in an area very close to the tourist center of the district, on the one hand creates problems for the soil and water of the area In the past, this has happened only once. Municipal inspectors continuously monitor (collection, transportation and treatment of waste) according to municipal guidelines. Any violation of improper collection or transportation or treatment according to guidelines It is close to 3 million Iraqi dinars, which is no less than 2 million in total and much more than the previous company.
Volume 11 · Issue 2 · April 2024The impact of commercial advertising on Facebook on the economy of Kurdish satellites in the Kurdistan Region
Adalat Abdullah Mohammed, Nazakat H. Hamasaeed
The impact of commercial advertising in Facebook on the economy of Kurdish television channels in the Kurdistan Region is the subject of this study, which is part of a PhD thesis. The aim of this study is to reveal the reality of advertising and other economic resources of the media in Kurdish satellite channels in the Kurdistan Region, and understanding level of knowledge and of these channels to the process of commercial advertising in Facebook and its characteristics. And determine the impact of commercial advertising in Facebook on the rate, price and revenues of advertising in Kurdish satellite channels. And determine the extent to which these channels have taken various measures to address the impact that commercial advertising in Facebook may have on the economy of their channels. This study is descriptive in nature and its approach is to survey the public opinion. As for the study community is the Media cadres of Kurdish satellite channels in the Kurdistan Region. But the sample is the Media cadres of seven Kurdish news and political channels, they are: GK, Rudaw, KNN, NRT, K24, Kurdsat news, Payam. The data collection tools for this study are interviews and questionnaire format which distributed to 70 media personnel who are also those concerned with the economics of Kurdish satellite channels. This study is also benefited from these previous studies.The most important findings of this study are that commercial advertising in Facebook has had a cognitive, emotional and behavioral impacts on the economy of Kurdish satellite channels in the Kurdistan Region. And advertising is just accounts for 25% of these channels' revenue.
Volume 9 · Issue 2 · March 2022The Impacts of Filtering in Social Media Facebook on Users in the Kurdistan Region
Awara Haji Kheder, Saman Jalal Mawlood
Social media has prevailed over conventional media and it has impacted the society enormously. This research investigates the impacts of filtering in social media platform of Facebook. Filtering is argued to have positive influences on the quality of media productions. The main objective of the research is to scrutinize the effects of filtering in Facebook. The problem of this research is that Facebook users are overwhelmed by a flood of false and perilous information that come to them through unfiltered social media platforms. The significance of the work lies in its attempt to eradicate all the messages that get disseminated irresponsibly in social media. Methodologically, the study employed a descriptive method by conducting an online survey in the four governorates of the Kurdistan Region. Furthermore, a three-point Correct spelling scale is used in the research. A sample of (N 284) journalists from Erbil, Sulaimani, Duhok and Halabja was selected for the empirical data collection process. Findings indicate that majority of journalists believe that filtering is a necessity in Facebook and filtering is an effective tool to end humiliation and disrespect in social media in the Kurdistan Region.