The Moral Education from the perspective of Emile Durkheim

Abstract

This research aims to identify the meaning of moral concept, and identify Durkheim’s perspective on moral education and its duties. Identify the mechanisms of moral education in the classical Society and new society in his viewpoint. Furthermore, this research seeks to understand the benefits of this vision to the new societies generally and Kurdish society especially. This is theoretical research that relies on the analytical descriptive method. The most important conclusions of this research are: According to Durkheim’s point of view, morality is a social fact that consists of common norms, laws, and rules applied by society, which all citizens have a duty to abide by. In Durkheim’s view, moral education involves teaching and training individuals in society's laws, common values, and behaviors, and implanting them into their souls. The most important function of morality is to create social solidarity. In old and simple societies, religion played a major role in moral education, but for the new society, it emphasizes the secular and rational education, shaped by the state and directed through its institutions (schools), was intended to replace religious moral instruction. Through the education can develop the values of patriotism, unity, and a spirit of coexistence within Kurdish society.