Volume 8
Issue 1
- Published
- 29 March 2021
- Articles
- 20 articles
- Access
- Open Access
Table of Contents
-
01
Social Science Original Research pp. 1-27
Financial Rights of Journalists in Media Institutions
Kawa Abdulridha Mohammed, Iman Safauldeen Jalal, Ikram Saeed Rashid, Ashti Hama Salih Hussein
In order to achieve the objectives of the study, this descriptive research is divided into three main chapters; the first chapter introduces the research methodology, while the second chapter addresses the theoretical part with the major focus on the rights and responsibilities of journalists within the frame of law. Finally, the third chapter is devoted to present the practical part in addition to statistical analysis to the collected data taken from the population of the study which embraces neighborhoods and suburbs of Sulaimaniyah. For the primary data collection, this descriptive research relied on distributing one hundred and fifty questionnaires shared among one hundred and fifty media professionals who work for Gali Kurdistan Media Agency and NRT Channels. Then, the collected data went through an adequate and comprehensive analysis by means of SPSS. At the end of this research, many results were pointed out, above all, the study found that the law in force fails to provide and secure the rights of journalists in Kurdistan Region.
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02
Social Science Original Research pp. 28-47
A Cognitive Study of Anger Metaphors in English and Kurdish
Khalid Ali Abdullah
This article is a comparative study of anger metaphors in English and Kurdish from a cognitive linguistic perspective. Based on the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), the paper makes a comparative analysis of the conceptual metaphors of anger in English and Kurdish. The two languages are geographically and culturally unrelated. The study aims to find out similar and dissimilar points related to the way anger is conceptualized in English and Kurdish to show the universality and specificity of the different cultures. Also, the article looks for the causes of these differences and similarities so as to help people further understand the conceptualization of anger as one of the basic human emotions.
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03
Social Science Original Research pp. 48-67
Analyzing Religious Speech in Terms of Speech Act Theory
Sherwan Hussein Hamad, Talar Sabah Omer
Every Friday, articles were presented at mosques, and the subject of the articles involved all aspects of human life, political, economic, social,…Any phenomenon in the society is mentioned in religious speeches. These articles will be part of religious discourse in Kurdistan, one of the subjects we have chosen for this investigation and we will study it from the perspective of a speech by Mala Araz about condemning the Turkish attack on the kurds. The aim of our study is to analyze religious discourse from a pragmatic perspective to achieve the goal that we have analyzed in the methodology, and we have received an example from the book" Mala Araz", which is in the context of the central Kurdish language kurmanji dialect.
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04
Social Science Original Research pp. 68-88
The Analytical Theory Applied In The Chapter On Weapons From The “Munjids Book”
Ala Sabri Daham, Abdulrahman Muhammed Salih
Al-Munajjid’s book in the language “for an antlers” is the oldest objective dictionary that includes the verbal subscriber, and the analytical theory is based on the verbal subscriber’s words, so we chose to have the title of the research “The analytical theory applied in the chapter on weapons from the “munjids” book ” This theory is based on the deconstruction of meanings Words into parts of the year to the private, as they start with the grammatical determinant, then the semantic, and end with the distinction, with which the meaning of the word is distinguished by what other common words do not share with it, and this is what we applied to the door of arms in the Book of Locket.
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05
Social Science Original Research pp. 89-119
The Problematic Formation and Competencies of the Federal Constitutional Judiciary in Iraq
Shorsh Hassan Omer, Ibrahim Salih Qadir Al-Barznji
This research is entitled (The Problematic Formation and Competencies of the Federal Constitutional Judiciary in Iraq) dealt with constitutional and legal organization of the constitutional judiciary in Iraq in both organic and functional aspects, and through this research, we found that the Iraqi constitutional legislator in The Law of Administration for the State of Iraq for the Transitional Period (2004)-abolished- , and Iraq's Constitution of (2005)-currently in force-, He recognized to found the constitutional judiciary in addition to the ordinary and administrative judiciary. By stipulating the establishment of a specialized judicial body which he is called "the Federal Supreme Court", and referred the lawmaker to form the court and organize its workflow. The constitutional legislator also assigned some competencies, exclusively to the court. Among them the jurisdiction to control the constitutionality of laws. The research focused on the scope and characteristics of this competence. Believing in the importance roles of the court to achieve constitutional justice and ensuring protection of rights and freedoms of constitutional citizenship. In the course of this research, in which we adopted the methodology of comparison with a method of critical analysis for extrapolating the texts of the two constitutions and the law establishing the Federal Supreme Court No. (30) For the year 2005 regarding the composition and powers of the court. Also there are some comparisons in Iraqi constitutional judiciary system with compered countries constitutional judiciary systems. It has been noticed many deficiencies and problems in this regard. In the light of this, we proposed to make amendments in some constitutional texts and the speed up to issuance of a new law for the Federal Supreme Court in conformity withconstitutional texts.
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06
Social Science Original Research pp. 120-143
Language Deflected Aesthetics in the Poetry of (General Love) Muhammed Kurdo
Aso Omer Mustafa
Aesthetic is main sort of poetry, during the history the poems have focused on it and in term of concrete this they have tried a lot. Some of the detractors to evaluate the poetry texts they concrete the aesthetic. in this aspect our paper (Deflected aesthetics in the poetry of general love Muhammed Kurdo) it will attempt to illustrate those language deflected that have been concreted in his poetries. the research consists of three pivots. The first pivot (poetry´s deflected aesthetic) in general, it describes the concept of aesthetic, poetry, language, deflection and their relation to the construction of text aesthetic. The second pivot (heading aesthetic) this part describe the title aesthetic that have been concreted thru deflect. The third pivot (language deflected aesthetic) language deflected and those aesthetic dimensions in the texts have been described. the result demonstrated in some points with the references.
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07
Social Science Original Research pp. 144-186
The Effects of Media Language Using of Comedian Program Audiences of Kurdish Televisions; BEZMÎ BEZM Program at KurdMax TV As A Case Study
Shwan Adam Aivas, Mahabad Kamel Abdulla
This study is an attempt to evaluate the effects of media language misusing in comedian programs of Iraqi Kurdish televisions. To achieve this goal, the researchers have done an online survey with 145 TV viewers; as well as analyzing the thematic contents of 12 episodes of the BEZMÎ BEZM program on the KurdMax satellite channel. Based on the research results; media language misusing in the BEZMÎ BEZM program has negative effects on viewers of this program, despite the fact that the majority of opinions agreed on the definition of this satellite as a Kurdish entertainment channel and the rates of views of its main programs "Great". However, they also agreed that this program on the KurdMax satellite channel has become a popular platform for insults, exchange of accusations, and defamation of certain personalities and groups in society, and a reason for sabotaging the Kurdish language and its methods, producing linguistic and psychological violence and highlighting gender discrimination. In addition to sabotaging the public taste of viewers, lack of respect for their needs, delinquency of adolescents, reducing the value of artistic work etiquette and educational foundations, and underestimating the family and Kurdish culture and its peculiarities. As for the topics presented in this program, the main goal is to make viewers laugh only and to achieve this; they do not hesitate to spread market language and archaic and patriarchal cultures, encourage gender differences of men and women, social and sexual taboos, defame personalities, neglect health guidelines, and violate professional media ethics. All of the above; represents the main identity of the BEZMÎ BEZM program on the KurdMax satellite channel. As a final point, this research has recommended the relevant people and bodies to subordinate such programs in order to review its content based on legal and ethical media standards, laws, and rules of the Kurdish language, along with abiding professional art principles.
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08
Social Science Original Research pp. 187-208
Reflection of The Relations Between Human Beings & Animal in Kurdish Poetry
Jalal Anwer Saeed
Since the beginning of its appearance on this planet, human being has felt alien in one hand because he has not been familiar to anything in the wide nature he has lived in and in the other hand he has been afraid and felt hesitated due to his fear to from all other creatures. But gradually he has been familiar with nature and his environment and tried at the beginning to align himself with it then to overcome it and to use them for his own interest, especially the animals which are the second sequence after human being in the planet. This align and controlling is not a matter of one night and day, but it has gone through certain stages and periods and has taken certain forms until it reached to the form, we can see it today. This thesis has tried to point out the types of those relationships based on sequences and their reflections in Kurdish poetry which show the perspective of Kurdish poets towards animals. The thesis points out five types of relationships between human being & animals based on their sequence and appearance as following: Conflict Relationship. Interest Relationship. Friendship Relationship. Spiritual Relationship. Artistic Relationship. Each of those relationships is explained theoretically except the spiritual relationship, examples are given for all other relationships in Kurdish poetry. The reason why we have not seen example in Kurdish poetry for spiritual relationship is to the fact that we believe Kurdish society is an Islamic society and its religious perspective has not allowed this relationship to exceed friendship relationship and to reach spiritual relationship. Even, the friendship relationship sometimes has been based on interest relationship.
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09
Social Science Original Research pp. 209-233
Conditions And Requirements to Obtain Commercial License By An Agent to Practice Commercial Agency ( Comparative Analytical Study)
Darawan Abdulrazzaq Khalid, Mazin Jalal Ahmad
The commercial agency contract receives a great attention compared to the other commercial contracts. This is because of the importance of this contract in the field of commercial activity and its role in the prosperity of any countries' economy. In addition to the fact that this contract is considered a legal means in order to facilitate the dealings. Shall a client is unable to carry out his/her work by him/herself; s/he can delegate another person, an agent, to carry out the task. It is a contract whereby the commercial agent is obligated to represent his/her agent in distributing, selling, offering, or providing a commodity or service in a specific area of activity or according to the agreement, and the commercial agent exercises his work independently in return of a fee. However, the commercial agent cannot practice the profession of commercial agency except after obtaining a license to practice the profession. When reviewing the provisions of, the effective, Iraqi Commercial Agency Organization Law and the laws of comparison, we find out that there are several conditions and procedures that the commercial agent must follow to obtain a license to practice commercial agency business, otherwise it is not permissible for any person to accept agency from another person without prior permission taken from the competent authorities, failure to that, s/he will be exposed to the penalties that are stipulated in the law which regulates commercial agency. In order to inform and study aspects of the research, we divided the study into two chapters. In the first chapter, we explain the conditions that must be met by the applicant for a license to practice the business of commercial agency. While in the second chapter, we describe the procedures necessary for a commercial agent to obtain a license to practice the business of commercial agency. In the research, we came to an end with a conclusion that includes a set of conclusions and recommendations.
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10
Social Science Original Research pp. 234-265
Spatial Analysis of Health Services in the District of Mergasur
Fatimah Qader Mustafa, Hoshmand Jawhar Abbas, Sanger Ahmed Hussein
Health services are a group of preventive services that, if applied, avoid individuals contracting many diseases, including proper nutrition, comprehensive periodic medical examination, prevention of infectious diseases, safety, first aid, body care and maintenance for disabled and normal individuals, provision of prosthetic devices and tools for persons with disabilities and treatment services, and health services are considered One of the concerns that countries give a lot of their care and attention due to their great impact on caring for human health, caring for them and preserving them, and working to create their experiences and positive influence on their habits, behavior and information so that the level of their health and performance can be raised in many levels that are closely related to their health and the preservation of their bodies, It is also considered one of the important community services in the city and the district, because it provides basic medical services that the residents of this district need, and most cities, including the study area, face a number of problems and challenges, represented in the poor distribution of public services in general and health in particular, as well as their centralization Cities and non-observance of planning standards in To Distribute it in line with the population increase, urbanization, and the needs of the population from these services. Therefore, the importance of the study and its goal to study the health situation in the district of Mergasur and measure its efficiency in relation to the requirements of the population was evident through the results of the study that there is a clear lack in the volume and distribution of services provided to the population of the district in the district center Mergasur, and this lack of its existence, but also the result of the failure of the planning vision and the absence of future plans that take into account the increase in the size of the population of the district through the natural growth of the judiciary.
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11
Social Science Original Research pp. 266-289
Independent Personality and its Relationship to the Hiding Feelings Among University Students in Erbil Province
Halat Abdalwahid Ahmed, Yousif Hama Salih
Background: Independent personality, is a basic feature of the personality of the normal individual and it positively affects the life of the individual and society, while hiding feelings negatively affects the life of the individual and society. Methods: The researchers used the descriptive curriculum، and the sample is of university youths, and the number of the students is (400) students، and adopted the scale (Molly،2013) to measure the personality of independence، consisted of (35) items and three (options) to answer, and a measure was prepared to measure the hiding feelings, and was formed in its final form after completing the conditions of validity and reliability of (25) items and four options to the answers and then analyzed the data by using the statistical program (SPSS). Results: the independent personality and hidden feelings among university students are at a high level، and there is no significant relationship between independent personality and hidden feelings.
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12
Social Science Original Research pp. 290-309
The Future of Minorities in Post-ISIL Iraq
Zaianddin Mawlood Khidhir, Rostovanyi Zsolt, Zubir Rasool Ahmed
The period after June 2014 has seen forces from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), an armed group, spread quickly across Iraq. This process has led to massive displacements in which affected over two million people. Indeed, the primary targets of ISIL have been religious and ethnic minorities. Some of these groups include Yazidis, Shabak, Kaka’i, and Christians. Also, ISIL has abducted or injured many people, with thousands also killed. Examples of adverse actions that the armed group has committed include severe human rights abuses such as the looting of property, the abduction of children, the destruction of places of worship, sexual enslavement, rape, forced conversion, and summary executions. Whereas the period before the insurgency group’s entry still witnessed minorities exist as a vulnerable group, the violence led by ISIL has threatened to eliminate them permanently from regions such as the Nineveh Plains, have lived in these areas for several centuries. The main question purpose of this paper is to examine the future status of minorities in post-ISIL Iraq? ISIL. I will argue that although ISIL had been defeated in Iraq, their impact will be critical on Iraqi Minorities Even after the demise of ISIL. Currently, informal settlements, abandoned buildings, and camps in which the displaced persons live reflect deteriorating humanitarian conditions. With international agencies experiencing limited resources and also the government failing to offer an effective response, most of the international displaced people (IDPs)[1] do not have enough shelter, health care, water, food, and other essential items. Indeed, most vulnerable groups include children and women. At a time when the majority are contemplating emigration out of Iraq, their survival in the immediate and far future rests upon collaboration among four groups that include the international community, the Iraqi government, Kurdish authorities, and minorities themselves. Some of the specific areas that need to be addressed include the asylum dilemma, reconciliation and restoration, preventing future abuses, legislation, and humanitarian issues.
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13
Social Science Original Research pp. 310-333
Specialties and Medical Services in Andalusia From the Islamic Conquest to the Era of the Kings of the Taifas (92 AH - 422 AH / 711 AD - 1031 AD)
Gulistan Ahmed Mirza
The medical movement in Andalusia was gradually developed in the period from (92-422/711-1031) until it reached a qualitative and scientific shift in its provision of medical services and the diversity of its specialties in the treatment of diseases. Medical specialties and services are among the most important achievements which Islamic medicine has reached. Doctors have developed these specialties through their medical works and innovations. And the role of the rulers in promoting the scientific movement has had a significant impact on this development. In this research we will talk about the specialties and services that were offered to the patients of Andalusia from the Islamic conquest to the era of the kings of the sects. The research consists of two sections, a summary and a conclusion and a list of sources and references.
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14
Social Science Original Research pp. 334-352
The Role of Innovative Bank Products on Customer Perception Influencing Accounting Procedures in Kurdistan
Barham Khalid Hassan, Ali Omer Mohammed, Raqeeb Abdullah Omer
This study sought to find the role of innovative banking products on customer perception influencing accounting procedures in Kurdistan. The Innovative banking product was embraced as an independent variable through (transactional costs, innovation, and accessibility) and customer perception as a dependent variable. Lack of understanding of customer perception and accounting procedures is proving to be the main problem of the acceptance of products as it is the source of economic benefit in the Kurdistan financial sector. Pearson correlation tests were carried out to assess the relationship between the independent variables (Transaction costs, accessibility and innovation) and the dependent variable of Customer perceptions. Statistical package for the social sciences program (SPSS 20) was used for data analysis and presentation. Results indicated that all variables had a positive relationship with customer perceptions. The study recommended that the banks need to understand the risks associated with innovation in line with the accounting procedures to understand customer’s perception before developing and rolling out new products. Customers view products and services differently, therefore there is need to improve on customer relations, customer education and awareness and customer loyalty.
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15
Social Science Original Research pp. 353-378
The Role of New Media Tools in Marketing for Goods and Services
Parwa Omer Mahmud, Hardawan Mahmoud Kakashekh
This research is an attempt to determine the role of new media tools in marketing for goods and services through a sample of marketing companies for goods and services. This research refers to the way marketing and electronic marketing equipment are used, and the most used marketing tools in the Kurdistan Region are. The most important outcomes researchers have received are the art of marketing in new media forms, due to the nature and technique of new media forms and the number of use by participants. According to the majority of Facebook research samples, it comes in the first rank in the marketing process for services and this seems to be because the number of Facebook users is higher than any other network Facebook's options and usage options are also easier to market and the YouTweed social network has the least use in the marketing process, which may be because of it, which would make it more skilled to prepare a video for the marketing process. In the app chats, Viber comes first to marketing and telegram has the least users, and this is because of the wide and familiarity of people with App Viber, which the research samples believe It is more successful in the marketing process and the app ity of the architecture is because a small number of users are familiar with it, so it is not very successful in the marketing process. Also, about the role of new media forms, the website comes in the first place and the blog comes in the rank of co-coordinator because the blog in the research community is not cared for and people don't have information about it.
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16
Social Science Original Research pp. 379-397
The Role of Social Networks in Creating Public Opinion About Electronic Study
Shanaz Sadeq Mohamad, Sara Mohsen Qadir
In line with the developments of various social networks, it has made the public see a change for all the various issues in the nation, one of which was the issue of electronic education, which has been influenced by the social networks, especially by students. Therefore, from this perspective, the researcher in the research scientifically shows the role of the social networks in creating public opinion about the process of electronic study. This research is a description, a researcher who has used the research to achieve detailed and necessary data and information about the subject of survey methodology research. Among the students of Kurdistan University, Salahaddin University and World University students are research samples of 422 students of both maleand female genders, the most important results that researchers have reached are the social networks that are a reason for creating public opinion and all The data spread through the social network to a process have created public opinion about the electronic study process, the strongest network, the Facebook social network to create public opinion in Kurdistan. In the short list of research, recommendations and suggestions have been made.
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17
Social Science Original Research pp. 398-432
Evaluation of the Teaching Performance of Baghdad University and Salahaddin University From The Point of View of Their Department Heads ( Comparative Study )
Shawbo Shamsaldeen Sulayman, Thiqa Ali Abdulwahid
The objective of the research was to evaluate the performance of the teaching staff of the Baghdad and Salahaddin University-Erbil from the point of view of the heads of their departments in a number of different colleges as a comparative study. The research community was (247) individuals from the heads of departments in the above universities, and a sample size was chosen randomly was(197) unit, and (134) individuals from the department heads at the University of Baghdad, and (63) unit from the department heads at Salahaddin University-Erbil. To achieve the research objectives, a (closed — open) questionnaire was prepared consisting of (49) paragraphs distributed into six specific fields of alternatives. To answer it and one open question in the questionnaire, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire was verified. The data was analyzed using the (weighted mean equation, the percentage weight equation and the chi-square test). The results showed there was no differences between the responses of department heads in evaluating the teaching performance of faculty members in the research sample in two universities. In addition, a number of proposals were presented to develop the performance of faculty members from the point of view of department heads in both universities. The two researchers made a number of recommendations as well, as well as a number of proposals to conduct future research for researchers in this field.
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18
Social Science Original Research pp. 433-466
Suitability Of Pshdar Environment To Yielding Rice
Lanja Salah Abdulla
Agriculture Geography is one of the economic Geography branches, agriculture is considered one of the important things that attracted the human attention since their existence which was the cause of the human civilization. Agriculture Geography study the natural phenomena, water, air, soil, and vegetation that cover the earth surface, which is considered as a principle of agriculture production and it may differ from location to another, the agricultural production is a function of the human activities. Knowing the agricultural principles is considered as approve of having human activities within the human geography. This research aims at carrying out an agricultural geography analysis to check the environmental suitability of Pshdar District in producing rice, the investigation has been done in the period 2015 to 2020. The study has been made on the main resource of food that is consumed by the residents of this district. Many maps and tables have been used in this research with the aid of numerous references in order to come up with some recommendations, we have concluded that the study area is rich of human and natural resources which can become a very suitable location for rice production if it is paid some attention.
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19
Social Science Original Research pp. 467-499
The Effectiveness of An Educational Program Based on The Theory of Cognitive Load in the Development of Reasoning Among Students in the Eighth Grade in the Social Subject
Mohamad Mahyadin Sadiq, Othman Abdullah Hama-Ameen
The research aims at identifying (The effectiveness of an educational program based on theory of cognitive load in the development of reasoning among students in the eighth grade in the social material). Through the application of the reasoning Test, which was prepared by (Al-Jabari, 1994) for Basic school students and applied to the Iraqi environment, the standard measure is (50) paragraphs for measuring reasoning, and the researcher has followed descriptive and experimental approaches. The study participants were (74) male and female students randomly divided into two groups: Experimental Group (37), male and female students and a group of control (37), male and female students. The researcher taught the experimental group using the educational program based on the cognitive load theory, while the control group was taught by traditional education. The results of the study showed that the students of the experimental group who studied according to the educational program are superior to the students of the control group who studied in the traditional method of reasoning. The results also showed that there are no differences between the average grades of the test for males and females in the test of reasoning. The students of the experimental group who studied social studies according to the educational program based on the cognitive load theory.
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20
Social Science Original Research pp. 500-531
The Effects of Gender Differences in the Kurdish Individual's Vision of Human Values in Kurdish Proverbs and its Dimensions Among University Students - A Cognitive Study –
Hemin Abdulhameed Shams, Khalid Ismail Mustafa
The research has a variety of aims. First, to clarify the cognitive level of the Kurdish individual about human values in Kurdish proverbs and its related dimensions, as well as to know the impact of gender differences on Kurdish proverbs and its dimensions. To achieve these two aims, 150 undergraduate university students participated randomly in the current research. The researchers used a self-designed data-gathering tool consisting of 204 varieties of Kurdish proverbs, each proverb with five Likert options. The psychometric of collection tool which is the validity and reliability of the instrument was measured and was at the required level and good enough to be used. In order to analyze the data of the research, the researchers used the (SPSS) statistical package for the social sciences program. After analyzing the data, the results of the research showed that the cognitive level of the Kurdish individual about human values was at a high and positive level according to the five Likert options, and the effect of gender differences on human values and their dimensions were not statistically significant except for four dimensions. The analysis also showed controversial results for negative proverbs about each gender variable. In conclusion, the study in light of the research results made some recommendations and scientific suggestions to the related field.
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